Vaginitis may cause redness and swelling of the vulva. Vaginal inflammation is usually caused by pathogen infection, which usually shows increased secretion, odor, and patients may be accompanied by itching, burning, and pain at the vaginal opening and vulva. However, vulvar redness and swelling may also be simple vulvar inflammation, vestibulodynia, etc.. It is necessary to consult a doctor in time to clarify the condition and timely treatment. 1. Vaginitis: usually categorized into bacterial vaginitis, pseudohyphae vaginitis and trichomonas vaginitis. Bacterial vaginitis can be treated with bisacodyl suppositories for vaginal use and oral ornidazole tablets. Pseudohyphae vaginitis can be treated with clotrimazole vaginal medication. Trichomonas vaginitis can be treated with metronidazole suppositories vaginally and oral tinidazole tablets, and couples need to be treated together. Specific treatment needs to follow the doctor’s advice. 2. Simple vulvar inflammation: aseptic inflammation caused by local clothing friction, poor vulvar cleaning, poor ventilation of the vulva, manifested as vulvar redness, swelling, itching, erosion, etc., need to keep the local clean and dry, change clean and breathable clothing to alleviate the symptoms. 3. Vestibular adenitis: the vestibular gland is located behind the labia minora. Vestibular adenoid cysts, inflammation and even abscesses can manifest as localized swelling, pain and itching of the vulva, which need to be treated with potassium permanganate sitz baths, antibiotics to fight infection and even incision and drainage. If women have vaginal or vulvar discomfort, it is recommended to consult a doctor in a timely manner to clarify the condition and follow the doctor’s instructions to carry out the appropriate treatment, do not judge on your own, blindly use drugs, so as not to delay the aggravation of the condition.