No studies have found a genetic link to ventricular septal defects, and congenital ventricular septal defects have been associated with viral infections, diabetes mellitus, and fetal chromosomal variants. Ventricular septal defects are common congenital malformations resulting in left-to-right shunting at the level of the ventricles, including small, medium, and large ventricular septal defects, which are characterized by increased blood flow in the pulmonary circulation, left ventricular volume overload, decreased volume of the physical circulation and Eisenmenger’s sign in late life. Pregnant women should pay attention to obstetric examination during pregnancy, including fetal heart examination, ultrasonography, etc., pay attention to protection during pregnancy, avoid colds, pay attention to healthy diet, balanced nutrition, avoid exertion, and pay attention to rest. Specific treatment should follow the doctor’s advice.