Exercise therapy should be carried out as soon as possible after the patient’s general condition improves, but the amount of exercise should be strictly controlled in a gradual and slow manner.
Exercise therapy mainly includes.
1.Active exercise of healthy muscles
2.Small-scale active movement of burned muscles, and gentle passive movement.
3.The fixed affected limbs should be fixed several times a day for static isometric muscle contraction exercises.
4.Use the temperature and buoyancy of water to exercise in warm water, which can reduce pain and easily complete the exercise.
Exercise therapy for the recovery period of burn injury.
When the trauma has basically healed with good implant growth, limb dysfunction due to scarring should focus on exercises to expand the range of joint movement.
1.Strengthen active and passive movements in water.
2.Passive movement of stretching scar tissue, pulley weight stretching and sandbag pressure stretching can be used for contracted scar, and the increased range of motion through stretching should be consolidated by applying splint or elastic bandage.
How to carry out activities of daily living training during the recovery period of burn injury?
1.Bed activities For patients who are bedridden for a long period of time, first carry out turning training
2.Activities out of bed First, practice standing and walking from a sitting position. For patients with third-degree burns on the lower limbs, practice bedside leg swinging first on the basis of sitting position, starting from one minute, and gradually extending the time if there is no bruising or trauma bleeding on the lower limbs, and then start to practice standing after swinging the leg for five minutes. Then gradually from the standing position to bedside walking practice.
3.Wash and meal movement training, use spoon first and chopsticks later
4.Patients with lower limb burns first train to sit in a high chair, and then gradually reduce the height of the chair as the joint function improves. Until they can squat
Active training of each functional part.
(1) Neck For anterior neck scar, put a small pillow under the shoulder in the supine position to make the neck hyperextend and pull the scar or raise the head in the prone position to make the anterior neck hyperextend. For the scar on one side of the neck, tilt and turn the head to the healthy side or the patient carries a heavy object to pull the shoulder joint downward to increase the degree of neck hyperextension
(2) Axillary The upper limb is abducted 90 degrees or raised over the head, and the arms are crossed over the back of the head in the supine position to make the axillary extension.
(3)Elbow Elbow anterior scar, pulling the door handle by hand to produce a pulling effect by using one’s own weight
(4)Hand The palm surface of the thumb tip and the palm surface of the tips of the remaining four fingers make palmar movements; use the healthy hand to help the palmar and interphalangeal joints of the affected hand to make flexion movements; cross the five fingers of the left and right hands of the two-handed finger web scar and insert the finger web to press the scar; cross the left and right thumbs of the two-handed tiger scar and insert the tiger mouth to press the scar; place the palm of the hand on the table in the standing position to make the wrist dorsiflexion by weight downward pressure.
(5) The anterior hip scar is pulled in the prone position; the supine position is used for lower extremity abduction or lower extremity flexion and knee hugging exercise; the standing position is used for lower extremity posterior extension exercise. For posterior hip and gluteal scar, do lower limb elevation exercise in supine position; or squat to pull the scar.
(6) Knee Straighten the knee in the prone position to extend the caddis fossa; do knee flexion in the anterior knee scar, or stand on one leg and place a cloth or towel on the lower 1/3 of the calf of the affected limb and lift upward with the hand to flex the knee.
(7) Foot Perform foot dorsiflexion, Tsuge flexion, valgus and inversion exercises, and wear flat shoes to make the heel step on the ground when standing.
How to carry out body therapy massage?
Massage is the main measure of passive activity, through which the softness of the scar can be improved, blood circulation can be increased, adhesions can be loosened, and external conditions can be created for increasing joint mobility. The first healing epithelium is thin and tender, easy to blister, apply some liquid paraffin before massage to reduce the friction factor. The massage method should be based on pressing, rubbing and kneading, and the aging scar should be aggravated by massage force, increasing the techniques of pushing, moving, pinching and lifting, and constantly changing the massage position, not always staying in one place to prevent blistering. The massage force should be perpendicular to the direction of scar twinning, spiral movement, and gradual force. On the basis of massage, gradually increase the passive range of motion and improve joint mobility.