Overview.
Intracellular mycobacterial infections are the result of Mycobacterium avium or intracellular mycobacterial infections. It presents primarily as a chronic pulmonary infection, lymphadenitis in children, and disseminated infection in immunosuppressed patients.
Etiology
The cause of the disease is unknown. The bacterium can be isolated from soil, water, and animal feces, and infected birds, mammals, and soil enriched with bird droppings may be natural hosts for the bacterium.
Symptoms.
The main manifestation is chronic pulmonary infection, with lymphadenitis in children and disseminated infection in immunosuppressed patients (especially AIDS). Fever, night sweats, weight loss, encephalopathy, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and anemia. Skin manifestations resemble nodular leprosy, abscesses or ulcers.
Examination
Biopsy tissue smears may reveal large numbers of antacid bacilli, and culture tests may reveal growth of Mycobacterium avium or Mycobacterium intracellulare.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms, a large number of antacid bacilli in secretions or biopsy tissue smears, and culture tests for Mycobacterium avium or Mycobacterium intracellulare growth.
Treatment
Combination of drugs is more effective, amikacin, ciprofloxacin and rifampicin treatment for 3 weeks, the skin lesions can completely subside.