With the increasing progress of society and the refinement of life, people are paying more and more attention to their health and are becoming more and more refined. So what is overactive bladder disorder (OAB)? What does it look like? What kind of distress can it cause? The following is an explanation of the issues involved.
Overactive bladder syndrome (0AB) is a syndrome characterized by urinary urgency, often accompanied by urinary frequency and nocturia symptoms, with or without urge incontinence.
The more frequently used names are female urethral syndrome, unstable bladder, unstable detrusor, and detrusor overactivity disorder. The OAB now used originated in 2002 and differs from female urethral syndrome in that it is dominated by irritation of the lower urinary tract, whereas female urethral syndrome includes irritation and obstruction of the lower urinary tract.
Our present discussion is about the irritation symptoms of the lower urinary tract – OAB, which is a reflection of the refinement of the disease.
Its main symptoms are: urinary frequency, urinary urgency or urge incontinence. So what are the causes of OAB symptoms? Bladder overactivity (involuntary contraction of the detrusor muscle during filling) is thought to be the underlying cause of most cases of OAB.
Secondly, overactivity of the detrusor muscle can be neurogenic or myogenic, but in most cases the cause is unknown.
As the irritation symptoms increase, it poses a problem to people’s work and life.
According to the European EUA survey 1/2 of the respondents were always worried about interrupting meetings, 1/4 of the respondents reported that urinary symptoms had an impact on hiring decisions, and 1/8 quit or were fired because of the symptoms.
Despite being troubled by OAB symptoms, about 70% of urinary incontinence OAB, few patients sought help and Chinese patients never sought treatment, which is consistent with international research data.
Adverse effects of OAB on quality of life 1. physical limitation or cessation of physical activity; 2. psychological guilt/depression, loss of self-esteem, fear of becoming a burden, loss of urinary self-control, urine odor; 3. reduced social interaction, limiting travel to routes convenient to the toilet; 4. occupational absenteeism, lower productivity; 5. need for special underwear and bedding at home, special care for clothing; 6. sexual activity avoidance Sexual contact and intimacy; patient misconceptions and fears: that it is part of normal aging or daily life, not serious or frequent enough to require treatment, and that treatment will not solve the problem.
Many patients manage on their own: wearing pads and reducing water intake are common coping strategies, other strategies include limiting outings to places with known toilet locations, choosing seats against aisles, and wearing dark or loose-fitting clothing.
How do we properly treat overactive bladder disorder?
Based on the above, how can we better manage it?
Use of a voiding diary: 1. A voiding diary or frequency-volume chart can provide reliable information about the frequency of voiding and the occurrence of incontinence, excluding normal polyuric conditions; 2. A voiding diary should be recorded for 4 days; 3. A dietary diary (to evaluate water-containing food consumption) may also be useful; 4. Excessive demands for information may impair patient compliance.
Conservative treatment: 1. Lifestyle and behavioral interventions are recommended as initial treatment; 2. Lifestyle modification can help relieve OAB and urge incontinence; 3. Bladder training. Pharmacological treatment antimuscarinic agents are the main drugs indicated for both male and female patients, mainly: tolterodine (Dettol), oxybutynin , trasyl chloride , solifenacin, darifenacin, etc.