Vascular cancer embolism and nerve invasion means that the patient’s cancer cells have begun to invade into blood vessels or lymphatic vessels from the localization, resulting in the formation of cancer embolism and transferring to the nerves through direct spreading, blood vessels, lymphatic and other channels, causing abnormalities of the affected nerves. Nerve invasion due to abnormal nerve conduction will cause sensory disorder and abnormal movement in the innervated area of the patient, resulting in symptoms such as numbness, limitation of movement and pain in the limbs of the patient. Vascular cancerous embolism represents that cancer cells appear in other parts of the patient’s body, forming cancerous embolus and dislodging it, so that the part of the vasculature is blocked, and the vascular cancerous embolus cannot be dissolved or removed, and the emergence of which will cause occlusion of arteries of the corresponding limbs of the patient, hypoxia, and necrosis, leading to intense pain. Vascular cancer embolus and nerve invasion represent poor prognosis, and chemotherapy and so on need to be carried out according to the situation under the doctor’s guidance to reduce the risk of recurrence and metastasis, and patients should actively cooperate with the treatment to prolong the survival period and improve the prognosis.