I. Basic measures 1. Adjustment of lifestyle (1) A balanced diet rich in calcium, low in salt and moderate in protein. (2) Pay attention to appropriate outdoor activities, physical exercise and rehabilitation therapy that help bone health. (3) Avoid smoking, alcohol abuse and the use of drugs that affect bone metabolism, etc. (4) Take various measures to prevent falls: for example, pay attention to the presence of diseases and drugs that increase the risk of falls, and strengthen protective measures for yourself and the environment (including various joint protectors), etc. 2, bone health basic supplements (1) calcium: China’s nutrition society set the recommended daily calcium intake of adults 800mg (amount of elemental calcium), postmenopausal women and the elderly daily calcium intake recommended amount of 1000mg. China’s elderly average daily calcium from the diet of about 400mg, so the average daily amount of elemental calcium should be supplemented 500mg-600mg. (2) vitamin D: adults The recommended dose is 200 units of 5μg/d for adults and 400-800IU (10-20μg/d) for the elderly. The dose for the treatment of osteoporosis can be 800-1200IU (the vitamin D content in the calcium and vitamin D complex preparations currently sold in China is generally low). It is recommended that serum 25OHD levels should be 30ng/ml (75nmol/L) or higher in the elderly to reduce the risk of falls and fractures. Blood and urine calcium should be monitored regularly and the dose adjusted as appropriate. Calcium and vitamin D preparations should be used with caution if the patient has kidney stones and high urinary calcium. Calcium supplementation alone is not sufficient for the treatment of osteoporosis, and the following drugs should be added according to the patient’s condition: Indications for drug treatment: existing osteoporosis (T≤-2.5) or previous fragility fracture; or existing bone loss (-2.5)