Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a group of diseases with similar clinical symptoms induced by kidney damage from various causes, defined as: 1. Kidney damage ≥ 3 months; kidney damage is defined as abnormal kidney structure or function with/without reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR), manifested as one of the following, pathological abnormalities or with indicators of kidney damage, including abnormal blood or urine composition or abnormal imaging studies; 2. GFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 for ≥3 months with or without renal damage. The disease is a serious threat to human health after cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and malignancy. Compared with other diseases, chronic kidney disease is more insidious, with no obvious symptoms at the onset, and many patients are already in end-stage renal disease (i.e. uremic phase) when they start to see the doctor. The incidence of the disease has been on the rise in recent years, and epidemiological data show that about 6.5% to 10% of people suffer from chronic kidney disease of varying degrees. In addition to primary kidney disease, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, gout, viral hepatitis B, drug-related kidney damage, overeating, excessive food additives and old age can all lead to chronic kidney disease, and people with these diseases are at high risk of developing chronic kidney disease. There is no special treatment for chronic kidney disease, and the main purpose of treatment is to slow down the progress of kidney disease, so early diagnosis and early prevention are very critical. Once chronic kidney disease is found, regular visits to the nephrology department of a regular hospital can provide the correct treatment guidance, do not indiscriminately seek medical advice and take drugs to avoid aggravating kidney damage. People at risk of chronic kidney disease should visit the nephrology department promptly and regularly to get early diagnosis and early treatment to avoid deterioration of kidney function to the maximum extent. Active treatment of various primary diseases can prevent the occurrence and progression of chronic kidney disease; therefore, patients at high risk for chronic kidney disease should actively treat the diseases they suffer from. Since many kidney damages occur unknowingly, regular checkups with items including blood and urine routine, kidney function, and urinary ultrasound are uniquely important for early detection of chronic kidney disease, and the checkup data must be kept properly for comparative analysis when seeking medical treatment.