Uterine fibroids are not uterine polyps. Uterine fibroids are composed of smooth muscle and connective tissue; uterine polyps are composed of glands, mesenchyme, and blood vessels of the endometrium or cervical canal. The tissue components of fibroids are smooth muscle and connective tissue. The etiology of fibroids is not well understood, and some studies have suggested that fibroids are associated with hypersensitivity to estrogen and progesterone. Uterine polyps include endometrial polyps and cervical polyps: (1) Endometrial polyps are caused by localized overgrowth of the endometrium and consist of glands, mesenchyme and blood vessels of the endometrium. (2) Cervical polyps are limited hyperplasia of the glands and mesenchyme of the cervical canal caused by chronic inflammatory stimulation of the cervix. Uterine fibroids and endometrial polyps are two different concepts. If uterine fibroids are found after examination, the decision of whether to take surgical treatment is based on the size, location, growth rate, presence of degeneration and clinical symptoms of the fibroids. If uterine polyps are found to exist, for cervical polyps to be given removal, endometrial polyps the preferred treatment option is hysteroscopic polypectomy. Specific treatment is recommended to be analyzed according to the examination results after consultation.