Thalassemia, also known as thalassemia maritima, is a genetic disorder in which patients develop symptoms of hemolytic anemia due to genetic causes of genetic defects or deficiencies. In clinical practice, thalassemia is classified as thalassemia minor, thalassemia intermedia and thalassemia major. Mild thalassemia is asymptomatic and has no specific facial appearance. In thalassemia moderate, the face is mainly anemic, with a yellow sclera, and there is no special appearance. However, patients with thalassemia major will have special facial features, for example, patients with thalassemia major Β will have obvious pale skin six months after birth, gradually increasing anemia, jaundice, enlarged liver and spleen, and sometimes growth retardation, with special facial features such as prominent cheekbones, widened eye spacing, and bulging forehead, which can be judged from the appearance as special thalassemia major facial features.