Trigeminal neuralgia is a kind of recurrent paroxysmal severe neuralgia that occurs in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve in the face. It has a sudden onset and stop, and is typically characterized by lightning-like, cutting, burning, intractable and severe pain, and is easily confused with toothache. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a paroxysmal, severe pain that occurs in the region of the glossopharyngeal nerve division. The nature of the pain is very similar to that of trigeminal neuralgia. The pain occurs on one side of the tongue, throat, tonsils, root of the ear and the posterior part of the jaw, sometimes with pain at the root of the ear as the main manifestation. Facial muscle spasm is a paroxysmal involuntary jerking of the hemifacial muscles, which is more obvious when nervousness and fatigue are present. The former is mostly caused by vascular compression and accounts for the majority of trigeminal neuralgia and facial spasm; the latter is caused by secondary factors such as local growth tumors. Treatment is recommended if such diseases seriously affect the patient’s life, work, social or psychological. There are many treatment options for primary trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia and facial spasm, and surgery is feasible if medications are ineffective. Surgery is performed by cutting 5-6 cm of scalp behind the ear, biting off a hole about the size of a dollar coin, operating intracranially through a microscope, and using surgical instruments to separate the blood vessels compressing the trigeminal nerve, the glossopharyngeal nerve and the facial nerve root, so that the blood vessels no longer compress the nerve root. In this way, trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia and facial spasm are solved at the root, and the results are immediate. This type of surgery has precise results, preserving the function of the nerve and solving the patient, with few sequelae and high safety.