Maximum safe resection of glioma means maximum removal of the tumor with safety in mind. Maximal resection and safety are not contradictory. In clinical practice, after removing the tumor to the imaging boundary, we continue to expand the resection to the functional brain boundary (maximal) in the periphery in order to maximize resection of the tumor without causing neurological dysfunction. Brain function refers to both basic speech, motor, and visual functions, as well as higher brain functions, such as executive power, decision making, and judgment. The requirement and significance of functional preservation varies among different social attributes. In this proposition, the experience of the surgeon does matter. However, in the current era of highly developed and ever-advancing technology, the era of surgery based on surgeon’s experience alone is over. The surgeon’s experience coupled with the skillful harnessing of optimized high technology is the key to guaranteeing surgical results. Compared to other craniofacial surgeries, glioma surgery best demonstrates the value of high-technology tools in neurosurgery and is the most widely used. New technologies for surgical resection assistance help to achieve the maximum removal of glioma with safety. Currently, anatomical neuroimaging navigation, functional neuroimaging navigation, intraoperative arousal, neurophysiological monitoring, intraoperative magnetic resonance combined with functional imaging neurological navigation, fluorescence-guided microsurgery, and real-time intraoperative ultrasound image localization are carried out in China. (1) For non-functional glioma, we recommend: neuronavigation, intraoperative MRI, and intraoperative ultrasound. The era of relying only on the naked eye or operating microscope for surgery is over. (2) For gliomas in functional areas, we recommend: intraoperative subcortical and subcortical direct electrical stimulation under arousal, neuronavigation, intraoperative MRI, intraoperative ultrasound, cortical somatosensory evoked potentials to localize the central sulcus, and motor evoked potentials to monitor motor areas. The first high field strength intraoperative MRI system in China was put into clinical use at the General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army in February 2009. With the intraoperative MRI system, we can not only obtain high-quality anatomical images intraoperatively, but also perform perioperative and intraoperative functional brain imaging, which effectively reduces the rate of surgical disability and death, greatly improves the extent of glioma surgery and total resection rate, and achieves the maximum resection of tumor while preserving functional areas. With the cooperation of anesthesiology, we have maturely applied intraoperative awake craniotomy and intraoperative cortical and subcortical electrical stimulation to localize functional areas such as language and motor, combined with intraoperative MRI and functional neurological navigation to remove gliomas in functional areas to ensure maximum lesion removal, minimal functional damage, and optimal patient recovery.