Urinalysis is one of the most commonly used tests in clinical work, especially for the diagnosis of urological diseases and the observation of their efficacy. At present, most hospitals use manual centrifugal microscopy or direct smear microscopy for urine sediment examination, which has little effect on the urine results of normal people, because the normal kidney function is sound and only a small number of red blood cells, white blood cells, epithelial cells and tubular type are excreted in the urine, which are not comparable to each other, so the time of urine retention has little effect on the results. However, the above-mentioned methods are not only poorly reproducible and error-prone for patients with abnormal urine, but also not easy to observe dynamically, and cannot be quantitatively analyzed. The number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, epithelial cells and tubular patterns in morning urine is significantly different from that of random urine. In addition, morning urine is a more concentrated and acidified specimen, and its organic components are relatively concentrated and well preserved, so the positive rate is higher, while random urine is influenced by diet, exercise, medication and other factors, and its metabolism is vigorous and renal blood flow increases, so its pathological components are more variable, resulting in a lower amount of urine sediment and greater variation in random urine than in morning urine, making low or critical concentrations of pathological substances and organic components easily missed. This makes low or critical concentrations of pathological substances and organic components easy to be missed, and diet-related glycosuria may occur.