1. The evolution of breast cancer surgery stems from the change and update of treatment concept. The new concept of breast cancer as a systemic disease has replaced the concept of breast cancer as a localized disease. The emergence of a large number of representative clinical randomized trials, the application of mammography and breast “B” ultrasound, the promotion and popularization of tumor knowledge, the improvement and maturity of radiotherapy equipment and techniques, the introduction of new chemotherapy and endocrine drugs and the application of preferred protocols, as well as the demand for postoperative quality of life and physical beauty of breast cancer, have contributed to the improvement of breast cancer treatment. The new concept of systemic comprehensive treatment and the balance between efficacy and quality of life has replaced the old concept of “local cure” and formed a treatment model that emphasizes both local and systemic treatment. Medical practice proves that comprehensive treatment can reduce the scope of surgery, improve the physical effect, maintain the function of upper limbs and improve the quality of life without affecting the survival rate and recurrence rate. 2. Integrated treatment is the direction of breast cancer treatment, the situation of “one single” surgery has become a thing of the past, clinical trials show that adjuvant treatment after breast cancer surgery can reduce the recurrence of breast cancer in 1/3 of cases and decrease the 10-year mortality rate by 1/6 to 1/5. control rates and long-term survival rates are the same as those of radical surgery and modified radical surgery, but improve the quality of life of patients. The stereotype of “each one for himself” should be avoided in comprehensive treatment. Standardized treatment is the key to success or failure of breast cancer treatment, which should be strongly advocated and strengthened in China. In Europe and the United States, there is a Guide line for each stage of breast cancer. The standardized program is based on “evidence-based medicine” and is based on the results of prospective randomized clinical trials. One of the reasons why the treatment level of breast cancer in China lags behind that of European and American countries is the lack of standardization. The treatment methods are extremely inconsistent, and the treatment effects vary greatly; there are still people doing surgeries that are abandoned abroad, and only a few hospitals in China are carrying out technologies that are popular abroad. The standardization of breast cancer treatment is closely related to socio-economic status, national medical facilities, race and other factors. Breast-conserving surgery is the preferred procedure for early-stage breast cancer in Europe and the United States, but in rural America, because some patients cannot complete all conventional treatments, surgeons do not follow the principles of breast-conserving treatment proposed by NSABP and prefer to perform total mastectomy. Paik et al. reported at the 21st San Antonio International Breast Cancer Conference and the 3rd Asian Breast Cancer Conference that the efficacy of breast-conserving treatment for Korean women with breast cancer was better than that of breast-conserving treatment groups in Europe and the United States. Whether Asian women with breast cancer have different characteristics from Western women remains to be studied. Breast-conserving surgery requires high medical technology, radiotherapy equipment and treatment cost, and should not be carried out reluctantly in some hospitals in China that do not have the conditions. In conclusion, the standardization of breast cancer treatment should not be copied from European and American treatment models, but should be combined with our medical resources and needs to develop appropriate treatment standards. So far there is no one surgery that can be applied to all stages and sites of breast cancer. Therefore, while emphasizing standardized treatment, individualized treatment principles should be followed. Breast cancer patients can choose the most ideal option from different treatment options under the guidance of surgeons, and an integrated multidisciplinary treatment group will play an important role in individualized breast cancer treatment. 4. It is foreseen that in the coming period, several surgical procedures will co-exist in the treatment of breast cancer, and the individualized and comprehensive treatment model that balances cure and quality of life. Breast-conserving surgery with sentinel lymph node biopsy has become the preferred procedure for the treatment of early-stage breast cancer in Europe and the United States, but in China, due to the lack of widespread radiotherapy equipment and technology, it is only carried out in a few hospitals, but it will become the future development trend. Modified radical surgery still dominates in China, but will eventually be replaced by breast-conserving surgery. The safety of immediate breast reconstruction has been confirmed and does not affect the prognosis and follow-up of breast cancer patients, and it will also have its space for development in hospitals with conditions and patient demand. Surgery can improve the local and regional control of breast cancer treatment and reduce the recurrence rate. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, consolidation chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and biologic therapy can further reduce recurrence and death and improve survival rates. Clinical prognostic indicators and tumor markers are tested to help determine the intensity of adjuvant therapy.