Dizziness is a relatively broad concept that includes vertigo, a feeling of dizziness, and a feeling of mental unconsciousness. In clinical practice, patients often confuse these symptoms. In fact, there is a difference between vertigo and dizziness and insensibility of the mind, and vertigo is a symptom with more clinical diagnostic specificity. Vertigo is a motion illusion or hallucination that includes a rotational, lurching, oscillating, floating or drifting sensation, and is a disorientation or balance disorder of the patient with respect to spatial relationships. Patients may mainly feel the sensation of tipping, or they may feel that they are swaying and the scenery is rotating; during the attack, patients feel that the surrounding objects are rotating when they open their eyes, and they feel that they are rotating when they close their eyes, sometimes they feel like riding a roller coaster, and sometimes they feel like falling off a cliff, which is very scary. During vertigo attacks, patients often experience nausea, vomiting, cold sweats, rapid or slow heart rate, increased or decreased blood pressure, and even hyperactive bowel movements and frequent bowel movements. Vertigo is mostly caused by dysfunction of the vestibular nervous system and cerebellum. Classified by etiology, vertigo can be divided into two categories: peripheral vertigo and central vertigo. Peripheral vertigo refers to vertigo caused by lesions of the vagus or vestibular nerve in the inner ear, which accounts for more than 70% of vertigo. This type of vertigo is mostly associated with otolaryngological diseases, such as benign positional vertigo (commonly known as otoliths), Meniere’s disease (Meniere’s disease), vagal disease, drug-related vertigo (caused by drugs such as gentamicin or streptomycin) and vestibular neuritis. Therefore, patients with this type of vertigo should first visit the ENT department. Central vertigo refers to vertigo caused by lesions of brainstem, cerebellum, brain and spinal cord, mostly related to neurological diseases, such as posterior circulation ischemia, cerebral hemorrhage, intracranial infection, multiple sclerosis, vertigo epilepsy and traumatic vertigo. In addition to vertigo, these patients may also have symptoms such as double or blurred vision, tilting attacks, ataxia, limb weakness and numbness, slurred speech, and loss of consciousness. Therefore, such patients should be seen by a neurologist. Dizziness generally refers to a persistent sense of mental fogginess and lack of clarity, mostly accompanied by head heaviness, dullness, head swelling, forgetfulness, weakness and other neurological symptoms or symptoms of chronic somatic diseases, aggravated by exertion or stress, mostly caused by neurasthenia or chronic somatic diseases. Dizziness may also be a physiological phenomenon and not a disease, such as dizziness caused by not getting a good night’s sleep. There are many diseases associated with dizziness, often including the following: 1. Cardiogenic dizziness: commonly caused by cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac insufficiency, etc. 2. Pulmonary dizziness: seen in various causes of pulmonary insufficiency. 3. 3, ophthalmogenic dizziness: common in refractive error, fundus arteriosclerosis, hemorrhage and ocular muscle paralysis, etc. 4, blood pressure dizziness: high or low blood pressure can cause dizziness. 5, other: anemia, cervical spondylosis, acute fever, gastroenteritis, endocrine disorders and neurosis can cause dizziness. .