(A) Amniotic fluid embolism occurs mostly in obstetric situations with an acute onset. The clinical manifestations also include dyspnea, cyanosis, and shock, which have similarities with air embolism. However, amniotic fluid embolism is often accompanied by obvious bleeding tendency, and there is no grinding wheel murmur in the precordial region; on the contrary, air embolism is not accompanied by bleeding tendency, and grinding wheel murmur can be heard in the precordial region, which can be distinguished. (B) Hypertensive syndrome of pregnancy Patients may have sudden convulsions, which can be easily confused with air embolism caused by air moving up to the brain. However, hypertensive syndrome of pregnancy is often accompanied by hypertension, edema, proteinuria, etc., whereas in air embolism, blood pressure is low or even undetectable, so it is not difficult to differentiate. (C) Cardiogenic shock The onset of acute shock, irritability, cyanosis, chest pain, decreased blood pressure, and weak pulse are similar to air embolism, but there is a history of cardiovascular disease, and there is no grinding murmur in the precordial region, and the electrocardiogram mostly shows left ventricular lesions rather than acute pulmonary heart disease patterns.