1. Benign epilepsy with central temporal spikes (BECT) accounts for about 15%-20% of childhood epilepsy. The age of onset is 2-14 years, with a peak of 8-9 years. Seizures are more common in boys than in girls and occur shortly after going to sleep or early in the morning when they are about to wake up. The seizures start with abnormal vocalizations in the mouth and face and larynx, and may generalize to full-blown seizures. Seizures are usually infrequent. EEG interictal background waves are normal, and negative, bidirectional or multidirectional spike or sharp waves, or spike and slow complex waves appear in the central and middle temporal regions. Among them, imaging is generally normal, does not affect intellectual development, and has a good prognosis.2. Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) starts at the age of 3-13 years, is more common at the age of 5-9 years, and is more common in girls than boys. It is clinically characterized by brief, frequent periods of frottage and non-falling. It remits in a few seconds. 3. Infantile spasms (IS or West syndrome) The disease is characterized by frequent spasmodic seizures, specific high-amplitude dysrhythmic EEG patterns, and regression of psychomotor development after the onset of the disease in infancy before the age of 1 year (with a peak between 4 and 8 months after birth). Spastic seizures are mainly manifested in flexion, extension, and mixed forms, but mixed and flexion are predominant. In a typical flexion spasm, the infant nods and bends (or extends) the legs, while in an extension spasm, the infant has a corkscrew-like appearance. The spasms occur in bunches, with several or dozens of episodes in a row, with rapid movements, and may be accompanied by crying. They are often exacerbated during the sleep and wake periods. A typical EEG is valuable in the diagnosis of the disease, with irregular, multifocal spike, spike and multi-spike slow wave bursts mixed with asynchronous asymmetric, high-amplitude slow wave background activity with a tendency to alternate between bursts of inhibition. Sleep recordings are more likely to yield typical high-amplitude dysrhythmic patterns.4. Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) This syndrome is characterized by childhood onset (1-8 years), frequent and varied seizure patterns, slow-spike (<3Hz) complex wave EEG, and More than 25% have a history of infantile spasms. The child has multiple seizures each day, with tonic seizures being the most common, followed by myoclonic or atonic seizures, as well as tonic-clonic and atypical disorientation. Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) seizures are more frequent during sleep than during waking hours. Most children have regression of mental and motor development. EEG shows 1.5 to 2.5 H2 slow-spingy complex waves overlapping abnormal slow-wave background activity. It is difficult to treat, and more than 1/3 of children are ineffective on multiple antiepileptic drugs, and is a major refractory epilepsy in childhood.5. Generalized epilepsy with febrile convulsions with additional syndrome (GEFS+) differs from general FS in that children with GEFS+ continue to have frequent epileptic seizures with or without fever after the age of 6 years, and the total number of seizures exceeds that of general FS, and can even reach tens (2 to 100+). Slow spine-slow complex waves of less than 3 Hz are the EEG feature of the disease GEFS+ often has a family history of epilepsy or FS, and there can be multiple seizure forms in a family, most presenting with only general FS, but some continue to have frequent FS (tonic-clonic seizures) seizures after the age of 6 years, called FS X. Less common seizure types include FS+ with akinetic seizures, FS+ with myoclonic seizures, and FS+ with atonic seizures. FS+ with myoclonic standing inability epilepsy (MAE) and FS+ with severe myoclonic epilepsy in infants (SMEl) have been reported recently. With the exception of the latter two, GEFS+ generally has a benign course with normal intellectual-motor development, and most seizures cease before the age of 25 years or in late childhood. The occurrence of GEFS+ is influenced by genetic factors, and some consider it to be autosomal dominant based on genealogical analysis, leading to a variety of clinical phenotypes due to incomplete episodic rates. However, some scholars advocate a complex polygenic inheritance as an explanation for the phenotypic heterogeneity of GEFS'. In recent years, the two locus of the disease have been initially identified at 19q and 2q, and it is predicted that other new loci will be identified in the near future.6 Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) Juvenile myoelonie epilepsy (IIIE) is an idiopathic generalized epilepsy with a clear genetic component, and the main clinical seizure form is myoclonus. JME accounts for 5-10% of all children with epilepsy and 20% of pediatric idiopathic generalized epilepsy, with an average age of onset of 14 years and 76% of those between 12 and 18 years of age. Facial twitching is rare. In generalized myoclonus, there may be sudden and violent whole body shaking, trunk flexion or backward tilting, arm raising, leg flexion, and inability to maintain normal body position, which may lead to fall in severe cases. In the case of upper limb myoclonus, it can be seen as violent striking, knocking on the table, or throwing out the object held; in the case of lower limb myoclonus, it can suddenly kick the furniture, or cause pain when the foot touches the step when going down the stairs. Myoclonus may be limited to the upper trunk or only the head and neck, and may occur several times a day in JME, with age-related severity. Seizures are often triggered by sudden awakening, sleep deprivation, emotional turmoil, stress, and flashing lights. Seizures are mainly seen in the early morning after waking up and in the evening when relaxing. The EEG background waves are normal. Myoclonic seizures show diffuse fast (3.5-6Hz) multi-spingy slow complex waves, symmetrical on both sides, and most obvious in the central area. The number of multi-spike waves correlates with the severity of the seizure and is usually 5-20 consecutive spikes followed by slow waves. The frequency of spikes in multi-spike slow waves is 10-16 Hz and the frequency of slow waves is 2-5 Hz. The interictal EEG is also characterized by diffuse 3.5-6I-Iz multi-spike slow waves, but the number of consecutive spikes is less than that of the seizure period, not more than 2-3. Multi-spike slow-wave discharges are most common in the early morning just after waking up, in the evening before going to sleep, during nighttime awakening and during NREM sleep I-II. In 100% of children with JME, these spike-and-slow complex waves are present, and about 10% also have typical spike-and-slow complex waves of 2.5 to 3.5 Hz (characteristic of childhood epilepsy) and fast spike-and-slow waves of 3.5 to 6 Hz (characteristic of juvenile epilepsy).