Colorectal cancer liver metastasis should pay attention to several issues?

  A family member of a patient with sigmoid colon cancer who was on the board not long ago asked me about the patient’s liver metastasis and what the next step should be. I proposed that I would like to upload the film to clarify whether it could be treated surgically. The patient’s family was surprised and thought that the tumor had already metastasized to the liver, which is an advanced stage of cancer, so there must be no chance of surgery. I think most patients have the misconception that once the tumor has metastasized to the liver, it is a death sentence and the survival time is probably limited. In fact, this is not true. For many types of tumors with liver metastases, if the primary foci and metastases can be completely removed, the prognosis of patients is still optimistic, and even similar to that of patients without liver metastases. Colorectal cancer liver metastasis is one of the most representative ones.  Liver metastasis is a common situation for colorectal cancer patients Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent malignant tumor in the world, and with the improvement of material living standard and increase of greasy diet, the incidence of colorectal cancer in China has been increasing, and it has become the second most prevalent tumor in big cities such as Beijing, which poses a great threat to people’s life and health. 25% of colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasis have liver metastasis at the first visit. In other words, nearly half of the colorectal cancer patients will suffer from liver metastasis. How to solve the problem of liver metastasis has become the key to whether colorectal cancer patients can survive for a long time.  2.Is it meaningful to remove liver metastasis from colorectal cancer patients by surgery?  As for colorectal cancer liver metastasis, the previous view of the medical profession is basically the same as the family of the patient consulted in the previous article: surgery is not possible, only chemotherapy and supportive treatment can be carried out, and the overall effect is poor. Until the last decade, a series of clinical studies found that patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases could achieve a satisfactory prognosis after all lesions were removed, even up to patients who did not develop metastases. In other words, it is imperative for colorectal cancer patients to see a surgeon after discovering liver metastases, and if all lesions are considered resectable, then congratulations, you are very lucky and the outcome is quite pleasing if all lesions are completely removed by surgery. This undoubtedly brings a ray of hope to the patients who are under the double suffering of illness and psychological pain.  3. Is surgery alone enough for patients with liver metastases?  The answer is far from enough. Although surgical treatment has the potential to give patients a fairly satisfactory outcome, the fact is that only 15% of patients with liver metastases are suitable for surgery at the time of initial diagnosis, so what about the rest of patients? According to European guidelines, a large proportion of these remaining patients are ‘potentially resectable’, that is, they can be converted to a resectable lesion after chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and other measures, and thus have access to surgery. About 20-30% of patients have a chance to be successfully transformed. These potential patients need to be discussed by multidisciplinary experts (MDT model) and a more appropriate treatment plan should be developed together.  4.What should I do if liver metastases cannot be resected?  For patients with liver metastases that are not suitable for surgical resection, chemotherapy and targeted therapy are currently recommended in the guidelines, however, there is now increasing evidence that local treatment including radiofrequency ablation and stereotactic radiotherapy may be beneficial to patient survival. Because there is no definite conclusion, patients can participate in relevant clinical trials on a voluntary basis in order to obtain a better prognosis It is believed that after understanding the above, many patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases have a general understanding of the treatment aspect and have strengthened their determination and courage to overcome the disease. However, considering the professionalism and complexity of medical treatment, patients are still recommended to go to a medical center with strong comprehensive strength for regular treatment.  In addition, I will introduce the problems of liver metastasis in my future scientific articles, hoping that more patients can receive the benefits.