Lumbar disc herniation is the most common back and leg pain disorder, and it occurs in young adults between the ages of 20 and 50, with a male to female ratio of 4:1. Patients with back and leg pain account for about 50% of surgical outpatients and about 70% of orthopedic outpatients. Lumbar disc herniation accounts for about 20% of patients with lumbar pain. Among them, the incidence of L4-L5 and L5-S1 interval is the highest, accounting for about 90-96%. The causes of lumbar disc herniation are both internal and external. The main internal cause is degenerative changes of the lumbar spine; the external causes are trauma, strain or overwork, cold and moisture, etc. Many scholars at home and abroad have conducted extensive and in-depth research on the etiology of lumbar disc herniation and have proposed various theories such as disc degeneration, injury, genetic factors, pregnancy, immunity, physiological structure and biological evolutionary factors. With the popularization of computers and changes in work style, lumbar disc herniation has become a common disease in orthopedics, and the incidence is gradually increasing in the youth population, bringing serious harm and economic loss to individuals, families and society. The core content of treating the disease is to pay attention to prevention and promote health maintenance. For high-risk groups, we should take active preventive measures to control the disease in the bud. In daily life and work, many people often have long-term lumbar force improper or incorrect posture, so the choice of the correct posture is essential to prevent lumbar disc herniation. 1, sleep posture In general, sleeping posture should make the head and neck to maintain a natural supine position is most ideal, preferably lying flat on a plank bed, so that the knees and hips slightly flexed. This position can make the whole body muscles, ligaments and joint capsules are the maximum relaxation and rest. For those who are not used to lying on their backs, side lying position can also be taken. 2, standing posture long time standing workers, should be appropriate to make the arms up and do squatting body movements, which can make the lumbar bones and joints and muscles to be adjusted to eliminate fatigue and extend the lumbar muscle endurance. Should try to avoid working continuously in a fixed position. 3, sitting posture scientific research shows that: the angle of the lumbar back rest and lumbar support with or without support, the intervertebral disc pressure has a direct relationship. When the sitting position from the right-angle state to backward tilt 120 degrees, the pressure in the lumbar intervertebral discs can be significantly reduced, therefore, more appropriate seating requirements moderate height, and a certain angle of inclination backrest, such as a support in the waist is better. 4, bending posture for bending work, heavy lifting workers, should try to avoid two knees straight bending position to pick up heavy objects, and try to take the knee, hip method to achieve the above purpose. 5, in addition to choosing the correct posture, should also strengthen the lumbar back muscle exercise, appropriate exercise can improve muscle blood circulation, stimulate metabolism, increase muscle responsiveness and strength, correct the imbalance between the intrinsic and extrinsic balance of the spine, improve the stability, flexibility and durability of the lumbar spine, such as abdominal muscle and intercostal muscle exercise, can increase intra-abdominal pressure and intrathoracic pressure, help reduce the load on the lumbar spine, thus reducing The occurrence of lumbar disc herniation. Common exercise methods such as “swallow”, “five-point”, etc. Some sports, such as swimming, tai chi, aerobics, etc., can also exercise the muscles of the lumbar back; in addition, pay attention to dietary regimen, usually regular diet, pay attention to the intake of breakfast, more intake of high protein and high vitamin diet, eat more fruits and vegetables, fat, cholesterol intake should be low, prevent obesity, quit smoking and limit alcohol. At the same time, we should pay attention to the regulation of psychological stress, to maintain a happy work and life state of mind. Second, the early treatment of the disease, support the righteousness and dispel the evil Adhere to the “five early” policy, that is, early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment, early recovery and early benefit of the disease. For patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, we emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment, so that the disease can be cured at the stage of “shallow but not deep, micro but not very”. Non-surgical treatment is mostly considered for patients with initial onset or mild clinical symptoms, and patients are advised to take absolute bed rest and given herbal medicine, massage, traction and other treatments. 1, bed rest Its role is to lift the weight on the disc pressure, so that the affected part of the static, so as to accelerate the inflammation and nuclear shrinkage, this method must be absolutely bed rest for more than 3 weeks, even if meals and urination and defecation, but also can not sit or stand, after 3 weeks can get up to wear a waist brace for three months, six months without bending waist, do not do more than medium physical labor, this method can make early lesions and mild patients get cured or reduced. Because this method is simple and non-invasive, it can still be used as a necessary therapy for early and mild patients. 2, traction treatment The effect is to reduce the pressure of the intervertebral disc, forcing the protruding disc to flatten, tighten the yellow ligament and joint capsule, and expand the capacity of the spinal canal. Methods are continuous traction method; own gravity suspension traction method; vigorous horizontal brief traction and instant gravity traction, etc., commonly used is the continuous traction method. Shao Xuan, etc. believe that the traction weight should not exceed 15kg, the patient can tolerate for a long time without causing muscle spasm, so that the spinal muscles are in a relaxed state, to achieve the purpose of ligament fiber ring partly elongated. 3.Tui-na massage Through massage of designated points such as caressing, pressing, rubbing, kneading and pressing, one can stop pain; the other can relieve inflammation and relax tendons and activate collaterals; the third can make the nucleus pulposus of the initial mild lumbar protrusion retract and reduce or eliminate the pressure on nerve roots. However, massage should be strictly mastered to avoid aggravating the condition. 4, Chinese herbal medicine treatment Chinese medicine believes that lumbar intervertebral disc herniation belongs to the category of lumbar pain and paralysis, mostly due to liver and kidney Qi and blood deficiency, external force injury or wind, cold and dampness attack blocking the meridians to cause the body Yin and Yang disorder and cause this disease. Therefore, Chinese medicine takes the treatment principle of benefiting the kidney and cultivating the root, opening the meridians and activating the blood circulation, activating blood circulation and removing dampness, so as to strengthen the body and bones, remove blood stasis and relieve pain, and treat both the symptoms and the root cause. There are many Chinese herbal formulas and proprietary Chinese medicines for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, such as the traditional meridian formulas of Tao Hong Si Wu Tang, Blood Mansion and Blood Stasis Soup, Wu Tou Tang, etc., and the external patches of White Active Ligament Ointment and Musk Rheumatism Ointment. Chinese herbal preparations are easy to prepare, effective, and painless for patients, and are suitable for acceptance. For those who have clear symptoms and signs of impaired nerve root compression or obvious cauda equina nerve compression symptoms such as urinary and fecal dysfunction, and who meet the indications for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation surgery, surgery should be given early to avoid deterioration of the condition. Third, the disease is prevented from changing, and both the symptoms and the root cause are treated actively to control the development of the disease and to prevent its transmission before it becomes a disease. After early scientific, reasonable and effective diagnosis and treatment of lumbar disc herniation, the development of the disease can be controlled and even cured, but the development of the disease is a continuous process, in the treatment process must pay attention to the combination of local and overall, treatment and recuperation, treating the symptoms and the root cause of the disease simultaneously, to prevent further development of the disease, such as the elderly bedridden should pay attention to dietary intake, strengthen the calcium and high protein diet, to prevent osteoporosis. In order to prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis, the functional exercise of the lumbar back muscles should be strengthened in the late stage of the disease to avoid muscle atrophy of the lumbar back. Surgical patients should strictly grasp the indications for surgery, accurate positioning, and fine operation to reduce or prevent complications such as postoperative disc infection, lumbar instability, and dural and nerve root injury. And strengthen postoperative care to improve the cure rate. Therefore, we should actively take consolidation prevention and treatment measures to promote recovery and prevent recurrence. Patients should regularly undergo chiropractic, massage, pedicure, medicinal bath, acupuncture and other methods of recuperation after remission, and pay attention to the following points in daily life: (1) keep the waist warm; (2) pay attention to lumbar protection when lifting heavy objects, and remember when carrying, lifting and carrying heavy objects (3) not to bend when lifting heavy things, but should first squat, and then stand up, keep the waist straight, avoid participating in the need to twist the waist of labor; (4) long hours of work to maintain a good sitting posture, especially should not sit on the sofa for a long time, should rest 10-20 minutes after an hour of work, or change the posture, move the body; (5) supine position to get up When you get up from the supine position, it is best to take the side position first, and then with the support of both upper limbs, make the trunk leave the bed. (6) When getting up from a sitting position, the upper body should be tilted forward and both feet backward, so that the upper body strength is distributed in both feet, and then get up. The above operation can significantly reduce the recurrence rate of the disease, thus reducing the disability rate, medical costs and social burden, and at the same time improve the patient’s quality of life and life index. Attachment: diagram of low back muscle exercise (very important!!!)