The abdominal distension and pain are generally the following: a. Bladder stones accompanied by inflammation of the bladder will affect the patient’s abdomen and pelvis, thus causing distension and discomfort in the abdomen. If the bladder is accompanied by stones embedded in the urethral outlet will cause urinary retention, thus aggravating the symptoms of distension and discomfort in the small abdomen. Second, patients with low bowel obstruction caused by rectal tumors can show a distended abdomen, accompanied by obvious distension and discomfort. The accumulated gas and feces in the intestinal canal cannot be completely excreted due to the blockage of tumor, which will aggravate the symptoms of abdominal pain and distension. Sigmoid colon perforation, mostly seen in patients with trauma or long-term chronic constipation. The feces in the sigmoid colon continues to leak into the abdominal cavity through the perforation, which will cause severe pain in the small abdomen and serious manifestations of systemic infection, and patients need to be operated as soon as possible.