Photodynamic therapy for esophageal cancer is a new treatment plan using laser irradiation to destroy tumor cells. Photodynamic therapy for esophageal cancer requires injection of photosensitizer in the body, and after a period of circulation, the photosensitizer is selectively enriched in the tumor tissues. At this time, laser irradiation of a certain wavelength is applied to the tumor locally to destroy the tumor cells and cause necrosis of the tumor tissues, which then achieves the goal of treating the tumor. For early esophageal cancer, endoscopic photodynamic therapy can achieve the clinical efficacy of cure, and for middle and late esophageal cancer, endoscopic photodynamic therapy can achieve the purpose of relieving obstruction, controlling the condition and prolonging the life, which is a kind of safe and effective palliative treatment method. In addition, there are contraindications to this treatment method. Those who are allergic to photosensitizers, suffering from serious or uncontrolled cardiopulmonary diseases, unstable vital signs, obvious coagulation disorders, esophageal cancer combined with esophageal varices, and tumor invasion of the whole esophagus are not allowed to choose this treatment option. In conclusion, photodynamic therapy for esophageal cancer has little damage to normal tissues, few toxic side effects, and can be repeated, so patients with esophageal cancer can choose this treatment option under the guidance of doctors.