What is the relationship between hypertension and kidney disease? The incidence of hypertension has been increasing year by year in recent years due to the interaction of various reasons. According to statistics, nearly 19% of adults in China suffer from hypertension. Do you know that hypertension and kidney disease are closely related, often “inseparable” and “incompatible”, posing a great threat to human health? First, hypertension has become an important cause of uremia. Hypertension not only causes heart disease and stroke, but also often causes kidney disease. The kidneys excrete waste products from the body by producing urine, which is pressed out by the blood in the kidneys through pressure. Therefore, the kidneys are the part of the body with the highest blood pressure and are the most vulnerable organ in cases of high blood pressure. Hypertension can cause hypertensive nephropathy and renal artery stenosis, which has become an important cause of uremia. Most patients with hypertensive nephropathy have no obvious discomfort and must be diagnosed by some special tests, thus they are mostly ignored in the early stage. In addition, elevated urinary microalbumin in hypertension not only represents kidney pathology, but also indicates the presence of systemic vascular pathology, which is a good predictor of heart disease and stroke, etc. Just as hypertension causes vascular sclerosis of the heart and coronary heart disease, hypertension also causes arteriosclerosis of the kidneys and narrowing of the renal arteries, and makes hypertension more stubborn, which is an important reason why hypertension cannot be effectively controlled. One-third of patients with coronary artery disease suffer from renal artery stenosis, just because they do not know it without examination. Second, kidney disease is also an important cause of hypertension. Renal diseases such as chronic nephritis and pyelonephritis are the most common secondary causes of hypertension, especially in young people. Regrettably, most patients fail to detect renal disease when hypertension is detected, thus losing the best time for early treatment. Third, hypertension with kidney disease is treated with great care. Whether it is hypertension caused by kidney disease or hypertension caused by kidney disease, there are special requirements for the control of blood pressure. First, those drugs must be chosen that can both effectively lower blood pressure and protect the kidneys; second, when some special conditions such as renal artery stenosis and decreased kidney function, some antihypertensive drugs cannot be applied or the dosage has to be reduced; finally, the requirements for lowering blood pressure are even higher, and blood pressure must be controlled below 130/80 mmhg, and for patients with more proteinuria, blood pressure is required to be lowered even more. In addition, dietary restrictions, including salt and protein, are more stringent. Finally, we would like to draw your attention to the following: (1) When hypertension is first detected, a comprehensive examination must be done to clarify the presence of kidney disease, especially if you are under 40 years old, or with diabetes, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia and gout, with edema, urinary foam, nocturia and lumbar acidity, etc., and have a family history of kidney disease; (2) For the treatment of hypertension, it is very important to know how to protect the kidneys. (3) When hypertension becomes difficult to control, the combination of kidney disease should be considered; (4) Regular urine examination is important to predict heart disease and stroke; (5) When hypertension and kidney disease are present at the same time, the selection and use of antihypertensive drugs must be careful.