Anal fistulas are often caused by perianal abscesses which collapse on their own or by wounds that do not heal after incision and drainage, resulting in recurrent episodes of anal fistulae and increasing disease. It is second only to hemorrhoids in incidence and is most often seen in young and middle-aged men. Once a fistula is formed, it is generally not self-healing and surgery is the only curative means. The prevention of anal fistula is important in general. In daily life, we should actively prevent constipation and diarrhea, insist on wiping and washing the anus after each bowel movement to keep it clean and avoid inducing perianal infection. Secondly, timely treatment of anal cryptitis and anal papillitis should be carried out to prevent the formation of perianal abscess and anal fistula; if not treated timely, systemic diseases that can cause perianal abscess, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and intestinal tuberculosis, etc. Finally, if you feel discomfort or burning sensation in the anus, you should seek medical consultation in time.