Gastric disease is a very common disease that is highly prevalent, easily chronic, often recurrent, and not easily cured, why? The discovery of Helicobacter pylori has solved this long-standing problem that has plagued medical doctors. Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-shaped bacteria, it is parasitic on the gastric mucosal surface of the submucosal epithelial cells, with its adhesin tightly bound to the epithelial cells, constantly releasing urease, vacuolar toxin, phospholipase, biogenic amines and other toxic substances, so that the epithelial cells degeneration and necrosis, mucosal barrier destruction, leading to the occurrence of gastritis, promote the formation of gastric and duodenal ulcers, and even induce gastric cancer. Medical research has found that H. pylori infection is universal, with about 50% of the world’s population infected with this bacterium, and the proportion is even higher in economically backward developing countries, and the infection rate among adults in China is about 70%, and its infection rate is positively correlated with the incidence of gastric cancer, that is, the incidence of gastric cancer is also high in areas with high infection rates. Although the cure rate of peptic ulcers treated with acidulants alone is very high, the recurrence rate is also very high after stopping the drugs. Therefore, H. pylori, the culprit of gastric disease, has been confirmed by the World Health Organization. How to determine the presence or absence of H. pylori infection? Commonly used methods are the following: 1, rapid urease test: the most commonly used, with rapid, accurate characteristics, the results can be obtained in a few minutes, and low cost, but need to be carried out through gastroscopy, there is a certain pain; 2, bacterial culture: the highest accuracy, but also bacterial typing identification, is the gold standard for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection, but takes longer, also requires gastroscopy, the cost is also higher, generally 3, C14 breath test: has the advantages of high accuracy, no gastroscopy, no injury, little pain, but higher cost; 4, peripheral blood antibody test: can be examined with a drop of blood, fast, more accurate, low cost is its advantage, but sometimes it is not easy to determine whether it is now infected or has been infected. The clinical situation should be based on the specific circumstances of each patient to choose different inspection methods to determine the presence of H. pylori infection, to provide a reliable basis and standards for the treatment of clinical gastric disease.