Coronary artery bypass grafting is to take a section of its own normal blood vessel and anastomose it between the ascending aorta and the distal end of the coronary artery stenosis lesion, so that the myocardial blood in the ischemic area (the supply area of the distal end of the coronary artery stenosis lesion) is directly supplied by the ascending aorta, similar to an overpass on a blocked road. In this way, blood from the aorta can reach the distal end of the coronary stenosis lesion smoothly through the graft vessel, restoring normal blood supply to the myocardium and achieving the purpose of relieving angina pectoris and preventing the occurrence of serious complications such as acute heart infarction and sudden death. Since 1967, when favaloro first used the saphenous vein to bypass the narrowed coronary artery, this procedure has unparalleled improved the effect of myocardial blood supply, and in the past 30 years, coronary artery bypass grafting has become a routine procedure for the treatment of coronary heart disease in western developed countries. In China in the 70’s has been carried out sub-class surgery, but due to the social concept, economic conditions and medical technology and other reasons of the shadow and constraints, bypass surgery in China is very slow development. According to incomplete statistics, until 1992, the total number of bypass surgery in China did not exceed 500 cases. However, with the improvement of people’s living standard, the intensification of social competition and the extension of life expectancy, the incidence of coronary heart disease has not only increased year by year, but also advanced the age of onset. Coronary heart disease has become one of the main diseases that seriously threaten the lives of middle and old people in China, and its mortality rate is second only to tumor. The procedure has also developed rapidly in recent years, and the success rate of the procedure is getting higher and higher, and the complications are decreasing year by year. Coronary artery bypass grafting with valve replacement and other difficult surgeries have been carried out successively with satisfactory results, therefore, coronary artery bypass grafting has become one of the most effective measures for the treatment of coronary heart disease worldwide. What patients should undergo coronary artery bypass surgery? Generally speaking, severe angina that cannot be satisfactorily controlled by medical therapy is an indication for surgical treatment. William summarized the indications for the procedure as follows: 1) stenosis of greater than 50% in the left main coronary artery; 2) most of the three branches with proximal lesions of the anterior descending branches, with or without angina or cardiac insufficiency, should be selected for coronary artery bypass grafting; and 3) other cardiac malformations. 3, those with other cardiac abnormalities – two-branch or single-branch vascular lesions of valvular heart disease, precordial disease, etc.; 4, those who fail medical intervention should also undergo coronary artery bypass grafting; 5, acute myocardial infarction is feasible with emergency coronary artery bypass grafting to save frequently dead myocardium; 6, when angina pectoris develops after old myocardial infarction, or when complications such as ventricular wall tumor, mitral valve closure insufficiency, or septal perforation occur Surgery should perform coronary artery bypass grafting while treating the complications;7 even if the cardiac insufficiency is due to coronary artery disease, bypass surgery can mostly achieve satisfactory results. Although coronary artery bypass surgery is a major operation in cardiac surgery, its success rate has reached 99%, and most patients can get out of bed 3 days after surgery, can be discharged from hospital in 10 days, and can return to work after one month. The effect of bypass surgery is very satisfactory, which can make the patient’s angina disappear; avoid acute myocardial infarction, sudden death and other serious complications; make the ischemic hibernating myocardium wake up, resurrect the frequently dead myocardium, improve the cardiac function, and improve the quality of life; can resume normal life and work. However, rehabilitation and prevention are still very important, advocating a lifestyle of smoking cessation and alcohol control, light diet and spiritual optimism; control of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and other causative factors; moderate participation in outdoor physical labor. Coronary artery bypass surgery is usually done under extracorporeal circulation through a median incision in the chest. With the rapid development and maturity of cardiac surgery technology, minimally invasive non-stop coronary artery bypass grafting has been used in clinical practice, in which a bridge is built directly on the beating heart without extracorporeal circulation. This kind of minimally invasive bypass surgery has the advantages of less damage to the body, less pain to the patient, faster recovery, shorter hospital stay, less complications and lower hospitalization cost. With the progress of society and the development of cardiac surgery technology, coronary artery bypass grafting will become a common and basic surgery in cardiac surgery, and its surgical safety will become higher and higher, and the long-term results of the surgery will become better and better. In the United States, where medicine is highly developed, President Clinton received coronary artery bypass surgery, and Russian President Yeltsin also received bypass surgery. It is worth mentioning that, due to the constraints of traditional thinking, most domestic patients are still reluctant to accept surgical bypass surgery treatment, even for left main stem lesions that are not suitable for stenting, they also insist on interventional stenting treatment, the long-term effect is naturally unsatisfactory, which also increases the risk of surgery, and when danger occurs, many patients have lost the time of surgery. Therefore, early detection, early treatment, and selection of suitable and correct treatment modalities are necessary to improve the efficacy, reduce pain, prevent sudden cardiac death, and speed up patient recovery.