Before using PD-1 antibody drugs, genetic testing is needed, and only patients with positive genetic testing have relatively high effective rates of treatment with PD-1 antibodies.
PD-1 antibody is not suitable for all patients with malignant tumors. Before using PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor drugs in the clinic, genetic testing is needed to find conventional biomarkers to predict the efficacy and to determine whether it is necessary to give the patient a PD-1 inhibitor for treatment.
For genetic testing of PD-1 in tumor patients, the level of cellular PD-L1 protein expression is usually detected by immunohistochemistry through pathological sections of tumor tissues.
If the PD-L1 expression rate of the tumor tissue and the tissue around the tumor is >1%, the effective rate of using PD-1 antibody will be significantly increased; if the PD-L1 expression rate is >50%, the efficacy of PD-1 antibody will be significant.