Eczema and dermatitis are common and frequent diseases in dermatology, and their incidence accounts for the first number of outpatient consultations. Almost everyone has suffered from eczema-dermatitis in their lifetime, and most people have it lightly, only transiently, without any treatment or slight treatment from contact with the causative agent. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the clinical characteristics and causes of eczema-dermatitis and find effective prevention and treatment methods to avoid long-term failure to heal, which affects the quality of life. Eczema-dermatitis are two different words that often express the same meaning of a class of skin diseases because their clinical manifestations are indistinguishable and the pathological changes are similar, belonging to the same type IV allergic reaction type. Eczema has been described as a paper basket, and a group of skin diseases with an unknown cause, a tendency to exude, and a variety of rashes are collectively referred to as eczema. The cause of these diseases is clear, but can be separated from the eczema, called dermatitis, often in front of the dermatitis with the cause, such as a certain contact dermatitis, dyed hair dermatitis, cosmetics dermatitis, diaper dermatitis, solar dermatitis, seasonal contact dermatitis and so on. Due to advances in medicine, eczema has been found to have an increasing number of causative factors that can be classified as dermatitis. Eczema has been in use for a long time, and the English name Eczema (eczema) means boiling, describing a rash that changes like boiling water rising and falling. It is also described in Chinese medicine as damp ulcers, sores, and immersion sores. The causes are complex, with the interaction of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, often triggered by the interaction of multiple factors, including genetic factors, health conditions such as chronic digestive diseases, gastrointestinal dysfunction, endocrine disorders, infectious foci, excessive insomnia, mental and psychological disorders, plus exposure to various irritants in the external environment, such as chemicals -acid, alkaline substances, physical sunlight, ultraviolet light, heat, cold, dryness, scratching, friction, as well as plants, animal fur, everyday household items, etc. can cause eczema-dermatitis, mostly as a result of a combination of several factors, so it is very difficult to check to determine the cause. In order to cure and prevent eczema-dermatitis from recurring, you should try to patiently search for and rule out suspected causes. The clinical manifestations of eczema-dermatitis are varied and often divided into three periods: acute, subacute and chronic for the sake of treatment: Acute phase: the rash is mostly dense cornish papules, papules or small blisters with a flushed base. Scratching is a common self-conscious symptom. If the top of the papule, papule or small blister is scratched due to scratching and rubbing, there is obvious exudation and small vesicular surface with continuous leakage of plasma, the center of the lesion is heavy and the border is clear, it is mostly likely to be contact dermatitis, the shape of which is similar to the contact object. In contrast, eczema has mostly unclear borders and scattered rashes. When there is co-infection, the blisters may become pustules, and pus-like exudate with stained brown scabs, and may be complicated by folliculitis, boils, and local lymphadenitis. The rash can occur on any part of the body, mostly on the face, hands, feet, distal extremities, waist circumference, scrotum, vulva, and anal circumference. Subacute phase: The acute phase of the inflammation is reduced, or is delayed for a longer period of time without proper treatment and turns into a subacute phase of eczema-dermatitis. The lesions become darker in color, with small papules, scales, crusts, and also residual papules, small blisters or small punctate exuding vesicles, and also lightly infiltrated surfaces, still with varying degrees of pruritus. Chronic phase: Mostly from the acute and subacute phase, repeated attacks, improper treatment and care, long-term failure to heal, thus turning into chronic eczema – dermatitis. There is also a chronic inflammatory process at the beginning. The skin of the affected area is often rough, hypertrophic mossy or with infiltration, brownish-red or grayish-black, pigmented, covered with a little scales, or due to scratching and crusting, repeated scratching will form mossy, manifest mounds elevated, furrow deepened, the edge is clearer, there are also scattered papules, papules outside the edge. There is often paroxysmal itching, even very intense. Chronic eczema-dermatitis can occur anywhere on the body, mostly on the lower legs, hands, feet, extremities, vulva, and perianal area. Although eczema-dermatitis can be divided into the above common manifestations, but because of some special environment or specific pathogenic conditions, occurring in special parts, the custom of each family clinically also has a special name: according to the part of the ear eczema-dermatitis, breast eczema-dermatitis, hands, feet eczema-dermatitis, vulvar eczema-dermatitis, etc.; according to the age of infants eczema-dermatitis, children eczema-dermatitis, elderly eczema-dermatitis, etc.; according to Seasonally, there are spring eczema-dermatitis, summer eczema-dermatitis, winter eczema-dermatitis, etc.; by etiology, there are stagnant eczema-dermatitis, infectious eczema-dermatitis, contact dermatitis, solar dermatitis, etc.; by lesion performance, there are chapped eczema, dry eczema, coin-shaped eczema, etc. Due to the different views of the region and each family, its nomenclature is many, but in the principle of prevention and treatment is basically the same. How to prevent eczema-dermatitis: It is a metabolic skin disease, due to certain allergenic substances enter the body in different ways, and cause the body to react abnormally, in the skin performance of type IV reaction belongs to this category of disease. There are many substances that can sensitize the body, including the products of foci in the body, substances produced by diseases of internal organs, as well as substances from the external environment that enter the body through ingestion, inhalation, contact, injection, wounds, etc. and sensitize the body to allergic reactions, most commonly proteins in food: poultry eggs, seafood, mushrooms, etc.: cleaning agents, disinfectants, cosmetics, dyes, paints, chemicals and certain plants that are often in contact with the body. The best way to prevent eczema-dermatitis in people with allergies is to avoid contact with and eating these substances. Once the rash occurs to be handled correctly, first of all to find the cause of the onset, fasting and out of contact with suspected allergens, avoid scratching and hot water washing, scratching is the most convenient and effective way to stop the itch, often hands to the itch to remove, only to play a temporary effect. If the long-term repeated gravity scratching, due to the skin has its own protective reaction, scratching skin reactive thickening, will make the lesions aggravated, the area expanded to resist stronger scratching, the result is the more scratching the thicker the skin, the thicker the skin more itchy, forming a vicious circle, the disease does not heal long-term. So you should use more non-irritating drugs and avoid mechanical methods to stop itching. Hot water washing and scalding is also a strong stimulus, can temporarily relieve itching, after the itching more serious, washing and scalding can make the skin capillary expansion, increased permeability, exudation aggravated, erosion surface expansion, disease aggravation. You should also avoid hot water baths and sauna baths. It is also important to stay in a relaxed mood because bad emotions such as worry, fear, tension and depression can trigger and aggravate the occurrence of eczema-dermatitis. If you have a disease, you should seek medical attention early and get proper and timely treatment under the guidance of your doctor. The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot more than just a few of the most popular and most popular items. 1, as far as possible to find the cause of the disease, and remove these causes, but also to avoid the skin again from the internal and external stimulation of various kinds. 2, according to the eczema – dermatitis stage, the correct choice of drugs and agents: acute phase: it is appropriate to use the solution for cold wet compress, such as saline, 3% boric acid water, 0.1-0.3% lead acetate, 0.1% Revnur, 1: 5000 potassium permanganate, 1: 20 alkaline aluminum acetate solution, etc., if there is no such drug at home, you can make a cup of strong tea, boil some amaranth, lobelia Water, with some light salt water, etc. for cold wet compress, the method is to use 4-8 layers of gauze, with the liquid, slightly squeezed, wet compress in the lesion for 20-30 minutes, twice a day, exudate serious can do continuous wet compress, astringent, swelling, anti-infection, itching, inhibit the role of exudation. At the same time, it can be combined with external powder or water powder, such as puff powder, pine pollen, furnace glycolite lotion, zinc oxide lotion, etc., which has the effect of soothing, relieving itching, increasing epidermal heat dissipation and contracting blood vessels to eliminate exudation. If the exudation is not heavy, corticosteroid emulsion alone can be used. Sub-acute stage: It is appropriate to use emulsions, pastes and creams with strong soothing properties, such as emulsions of corticosteroids, zinc oxide paste, zinc oxide oil, benadryl cream, etc. Some can add low concentration of furosemide oil, black bean slip oil, pine slip oil, coal tar, etc., which have anti-infiltrative, anti-keratinizing and anti-itching effects. If you can cooperate with corticosteroid preparations will have a better effect. Chronic phase: lesion performance hypertrophy, infiltration, mossy significant, can use high concentration of furosemide oil (5-10%), pine oil (20-50%), black bean oil (10-20%), coal tar (10-20%) ointment, etc.. It can also be used topically with antimicrobials and corticosteroids. The use of sealing therapy can improve the effectiveness of treatment. For some limited skin lesions can be closed treatment or treated with superficial radiation. 3, for serious conditions, rapid onset, large lesion area, generalized body, with intense itching and internal drug treatment, such as antihistamines (paracetamol, cyproheptadine, cetirizine, clotrimazole, ketotifen, Antares, doxorubicin, etc.), sedative drugs (Valium, alprazolam, quick sleep, fenadol, sulepine, etc.), desensitizing and detoxifying drugs (10% thiosulfate solution, 10% In the acute stage, the main treatment is to clear heat and dampness, and the formula is added and subtracted by Gentian Diarrhea Liver Soup or Dioscorea Infiltration Dampness Soup; in the subacute stage, the main treatment is to strengthen the spleen and remove dampness, and the formula is added and subtracted by Dampness Removal and Stomach Ling Tang; in the chronic stage, the main treatment is to nourish blood and dispel wind, and the formula is added and subtracted by Nourishing Blood and Determining Wind Soup.