Whether a pneumothorax can heal on its own depends on the cause and severity of the pneumothorax. Pneumothorax can be divided into three types, namely spontaneous pneumothorax, traumatic pneumothorax and medically induced pneumothorax. It is recommended to seek medical treatment in thoracic surgery immediately when pneumothorax occurs, and not to wait for spontaneous healing to avoid delaying the condition. If the patient is a first-time patient with a small amount of spontaneous closed pneumothorax (lung tissue compression percentage <20%), he/she can be hospitalized for conservative treatment with close monitoring of vital signs, strict bed rest and oxygen intake if necessary to ensure smooth breathing. After the gas is absorbed by itself through 1-2 weeks of treatment, most patients can reach the standard of cure. However, if the pneumothorax does not improve after conservative treatment, thoracentesis and suction treatment can be performed to accelerate lung reopening and relieve symptoms. In addition, a large number of spontaneous closed pneumothorax, traumatic pneumothorax and medically induced pneumothorax are not recommended for conservative treatment and require immediate closed chest drainage or surgical treatment. The incidence of pneumothorax is more common in men than in women, and people with a history of smoking, family history, and previous pneumothorax are more likely to develop the disease. Patients should pay attention to their lifestyle habits and avoid breath-holding, forceful coughing, forceful defecation, and high-intensity physical exercise to avoid triggering pneumothorax.