There are many treatments for femoral head necrosis, which are summarized in two main categories, namely non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment. In general, patients suffering from osteonecrosis of the femoral head prefer to undergo non-surgical treatment because they are afraid of surgery. In fact, the choice of that treatment does not depend on one’s subjective desire, but on the stage of femoral head necrosis. Early stage (stage I and some stage II) patients can receive non-surgical treatment, while patients in the middle and late stage (stage II or above) should receive surgical treatment, and some patients still need to receive other adjuvant treatments after surgery to obtain satisfactory results. Therefore, patients suffering from femoral head necrosis must get out of the misunderstanding in treatment, believe in science, and receive different treatments depending on the severity of their conditions, otherwise they will miss the time of treatment and cause irreversible and serious results. Although scientists and medical workers at home and abroad have conducted more than half a century of painstaking research on the etiology of femoral head necrosis and its pathogenesis, there are still many areas that are not very clear and need to be further explored. There are many current treatment methods, but each of them has its limitations. Because of this, the medical market and the streets are flooded with many fancy “cure-all” and “cure-all” methods of treating femoral head necrosis, which is in fact unscientific. After the treatment, the result is a lot of suffering, know that the deceived when it is too late. How to treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head? This is the most important concern of all patients with femoral head necrosis treatment plan should be selected according to the patient’s age, necrosis site, necrosis area size and stage, by experienced specialists to develop an individualized treatment plan, in order to achieve satisfactory results, but also to maximize savings in medical costs. 1, non-surgical treatment: not all femoral head necrosis need surgery, the necrosis area of less than 15%, or although greater than 15% and less than 25% of the non-weight-bearing area of necrosis and asymptomatic people can not be treated, only need to closely observe. Commonly used methods include: drug therapy, high frequency magnetic field, extracorporeal shock wave, hyperbaric oxygen, protective weight bearing, etc. Stage I and even stage II can be tried. Necrosis area greater than 30% should be closely observed. (1) Drug therapy: drugs to improve local blood circulation: such as targeted prostaglandin E and Chuanxiongzin; anticoagulant drugs: such as low-molecular heparin; lipid-lowering drugs: such as statin lipid-lowering drugs; anti-osteoporosis drugs: such as sodium allantoin phosphate; other drugs: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs – to relieve joint pain and other symptoms, facilitate the restoration of joint function and prevent the production of joint deformity; joint protection Cartilage drugs (Vibram) – have the effect of repairing joint cartilage, protecting and delaying the destruction of joint cartilage. (2) High-frequency magnetic field: an adjunct to the treatment of early femoral head necrosis, which can improve microcirculation and promote the growth of blood vessels into the necrosis foci, and has a better effect on relieving pain symptoms. (3) Extracorporeal shock wave: used in the treatment of early femoral head necrosis, using its characteristic of causing microfracture to the sclerotic zone at the edge of the femoral head necrosis foci, eliminating the blocking effect of the sclerotic zone on the growth of blood vessels into the necrosis foci, thus promoting the repair. (4) Hyperbaric oxygen: For the treatment of stage I ischemic necrosis of the femoral head, the patient inhales 100% oxygen with a mask in a hyperbaric chamber at 2 to 2.4 atmospheres for 90 minutes/day, 6 times a week, for a total of 100 treatments. (5) Protective weight bearing: Patients are advocated to walk with double crutches, but not with wheelchairs, because disuse osteoporosis can occur. 2.Surgical treatment to preserve the femoral head: For osteonecrosis has entered stage II necrosis area greater than 30%, the efficacy of non-surgical treatment is not good, at this time should be taken to preserve the femoral head surgery, can be expected to achieve good results. (1) Autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation: Osteonecrosis and Joint Preservation Reconstruction Center of China-Japan Friendship Hospital Method: About 150 ml of bone marrow is extracted each time, bone marrow cells are separated by cell separator, compressed to 7-10 ml, and the compressed bone marrow cells plus osteoinductive factor (BMP2) are pressurized and punched into the decompression zone using X-ray fluoroscopy or navigation-guided fine targeting multiple perforations in the osteonecrosis area. (2) Open window through the femoral head neck, bulb decompression of the decompression zone, and compression osteotomy: this method is suitable for middle-aged and young patients with stage II or early stage III with clear necrosis boundary, necrosis zone close to the joint surface, and necrosis area greater than 15% to 30%. Under X-ray guidance, the necrotic bone is scraped out through a small incision (about 5 cm) in front of the hip, and autologous bone, artificial bone, BMP2, etc. are implanted under pressure. (3) Lesion removal and vascularized fibular bone graft: For patients with early stage III and IV young patients (less than 40 years old). This procedure is slightly more invasive and requires two incisions, but the excised fibula implanted with blood flow (living bone) and good mechanical support is desirable for femoral heads that have begun to collapse. (4) Osteotomy: In some young patients (less than 45 years old), where the necrotic foci are located in the weight-bearing zone and there is no osteonecrosis in the non-weight-bearing zone, the necrotic foci can be moved to the non-weight-bearing zone and the normal cartilage surface is transferred to the weight-bearing zone to protect the femoral head from collapse by rotational osteotomy through the femoral trochanter or internal and external osteotomy. It should be understood that surgery to preserve the femoral head is done in order to avoid or delay artificial joint replacement surgery. Because no matter how hard one tries, there will always be some patients with femoral head necrosis who eventually need artificial joint surgery, therefore, surgical treatment to preserve the femoral head should try not to leave behind the difficulties to do artificial joint surgery. From the several procedures mentioned above, (1), (2) and (3) are more in line with this situation. Currently some medical units are keen on vascular interventions, we believe that this therapy is harmful and unhelpful. Because according to the experience of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular embolism treatment, thrombolysis is effective only 6-12 hours after embolization. Once the diagnosis of femoral head necrosis is established, the embolism is usually more than 3 months or even longer, so it is impossible to dissolve the embolism of the blood vessel.