In terms of classification, amoxicillin belongs to penicillin class, which is a kind of β-lactam antibiotic; cephalosporin is a class of antibiotics, there are mainly four generations, the first generation has cefazolin, cefradin and cefadroxil, the second generation, the third generation and the fourth generation have different representative drugs. In terms of antibacterial spectrum, penicillins, especially amoxicillin, can have better therapeutic effects on Gram-positive bacteria; cephalosporins, from one generation to four generations, gradually weaken the antibacterial effects on Gram-positive bacteria, but gradually enhance the effects on Gram-negative bacteria. In terms of allergic reactions, amoxicillin belongs to the penicillin class and is more likely to cause allergic reactions, so it should not be used by people who are allergic to penicillin; cephalosporins have relatively few allergic reactions, but patients with a history of penicillin allergy or cephalosporin allergy should not be used, mainly because of cross-allergic reactions between cephalosporins and penicillin. In terms of the objects of the two drugs, amoxicillin is more suitable for infections of the respiratory tract, urinary tract and genital tract, with strong bactericidal power and less toxic side effects, and is safer for pregnant women and children; cephalosporins have a broader antibacterial spectrum, strong antibacterial effect and lower toxicity, and are more suitable for the treatment of respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue infections, genitourinary tract infections and other diseases.