The most important risk factors for cerebrovascular disease mainly include hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking and dyslipidemia. 1. Hypertension: It can promote the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and is an important controllable risk factor for cerebrovascular disease; antihypertensive treatments, such as controlling blood pressure levels, can appropriately reduce the risk of cerebrovascular disease. 2. Diabetes mellitus: diabetes mellitus may be a risk factor for ischemic stroke in patients with a history of TIA or mild ischemic stroke, and may also be a risk factor for carotid atherosclerosis. 3. Smoking: Smoking is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular disease, and patients who smoke have an increased risk compared to non-smokers, and the level of risk is also related to the dose of smoking. 4. Dyslipidemia: Different serum cholesterol concentrations have different degrees of risk for different cerebrovascular diseases. LDL passes through the broken blood vessel lining and enters into the blood vessel wall, forming atherosclerotic plaques, and plaque rupture can easily cause cerebrovascular disease. Risk factors for cerebrovascular disease include low physical activity, atrial fibrillation, etc. Early and standardized treatment is recommended to reduce the adverse effects of cerebrovascular disease.