The haze in the imperial capital and the north covers the sky, and PM2.5 explodes almost every day. After the haze, pediatric clinics will be overcrowded again, so it is very important to understand in advance the damage of haze to babies and to prevent it. A. What is haze Before we talk about the relationship between children’s health and haze, we need to understand what is atmospheric pollution, or what we call haze, but unfortunately there are no detailed standards on atmospheric pollution in China, and our discussion today is based on the guidelines of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the World Health Organization. Nowadays, the very popular PM index in the cell phone is not all the pollution index, its English name is Particulate matter (fine particulate matter), according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the World Health Organization guidelines, it is only one of the six elements of air pollution assessment, the other five are: carbon monoxide (Carbonmonoxide), lead (Lead) The other five are: carbon monoxide (Carbonmonoxide), lead (Lead), nitrogen dioxide (Nitrogendioxide), ozone (Ozone), and sulfur dioxide (Sulfurdioxide), each of which is closely related to the health of our children. First of all, fine particulate matter is composed of the following components: acids (such as nitrates and sulfates), organic chemicals, metals, and soil or dust. According to the clinical observation and research of large samples of foreign scientists, fine particles with a diameter of 2.5-10 microns (PM10-2.5) can enter the deep part of human lungs through normal breathing and even enter the bloodstream, and once these particles enter the bloodstream, they can bring fatal damage to our heart and lungs, especially those chemicals and metals, and for children who are still in the process of development The damage is long-lasting. Third, the haze is more harmful to the baby This issue is actually a lot of parental concern, whether the haze is more harmful to children? The answer is yes, compared with adults: 1, children’s height is relatively short, easier to approach car exhaust and ground dust, exposure to far more opportunities than adults. 2, children’s breathing and heart rate is faster, compared to adults will inhale more PM2.5. 3, the ratio of children’s body surface area and weight is greater than that of adults, after inhaling PM2.5 unit of toxic substances will be higher than adults. 4, children’s own immunity is relatively low compared to adults, and often can not clear the toxic substances in their bodies in time. In principle, try not to expose children to haze, even for a minute, it may cause harm to children. A study published in a prestigious international journal this year showed that exposure to haze weather for more than 30 minutes will increase the proportion of PM2.5 entering the bloodstream by 30%, while if it is 30-60 minutes, the proportion will increase by 50%, but if it is more than 60 minutes, this proportion will not increase significantly again. In other words, the damage of a short exposure (less than 1 hour) and a long exposure is basically the same, and I believe that those parents who are lucky must be surprised by this result. Fourth, how to minimize the damage of the haze on the baby Must wear a mask. I believe that parents must have read a lot about the introduction of masks, and will no longer talk about the choice of masks, but exactly what kind of weather need to wear a mask, especially to prevent PM2.5 masks? I believe that the vast majority of children, especially young children, will refuse to wear masks, which will make them lose their sense of security. Moreover, wearing a high-filtration mask for a long time will affect the normal breathing of children, and there are even cases of induced asthma in children abroad, so parents must know what circumstances require the wearing of masks. In heavily polluted weather (PM2.5>200), wear a high filtration mask whenever you leave the house, even for a short time when you leave the house and enter the car. Not excellent weather (PM2.5>100) for any outdoor activities such as biking, walking, jogging, etc. This includes kids at school recess. For children with a history of asthma, after PM2.5>50, it is important to consider wearing a mask when going outside for long periods of time. Many times, parents have no choice but to take their children outside for various reasons. In addition to masks, it is important to pay attention to these to help children reduce injuries: In heavily polluted weather, in addition to wearing masks, it is important to minimize skin contact with the outside world, as we mentioned earlier, there are many factors that cause pollution, and some toxic substances can cause skin damage and even cause systemic reactions. After going out or finishing outdoor activities, drink as much water as possible, so that the metabolism of PM2.5 can be accelerated and excreted through urine. After going outside, you can wash your nasal and oral cavities with water when you come back indoors. Although PM2.5 cannot be washed out, some large particles can be washed out. If you have asthma or severe allergies, you should also take first-aid medication, such as Ventolin, anti-allergy medication, etc., to avoid accidents that can’t be handled first.