An abdominal aortic aneurysm is an increase in the diameter of the abdominal aorta below the opening of the renal artery to more than 1.5 times its normal diameter, and is called an abdominal aortic aneurysm. It is most commonly seen in middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years of age, and is more common in men than women. The main risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm is its unpredictable rupture (although the conventional wisdom is that the risk of rupture of an aneurysm is greatly increased after its diameter is greater than 5.5 cm, which is the standard for surgical or interventional treatment, however, it is not true that a small aneurysm has no possibility of rupture. Therefore, there is no way to predict accurately in advance whether an aneurysm will rupture or not, and the mortality rate after rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm is very high with little chance of resuscitation, and even if the resuscitation surgery is successful, the risk of postoperative complications is much higher than that of the usual surgery. Another risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm is embolization of the distal artery: this is mainly due to embolism caused by dislodgement of the attached thrombus or atheromatous plaque within the abdominal aortic aneurysm that flows with the bloodstream to the distal artery, which may lead to amputation or endanger the patient’s life in severe cases. Many patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms are seen when they unintentionally discover a pulsating mass in their abdomen. If the aneurysm continues to grow in size, it may compress the digestive tract and cause indigestion, upper abdominal discomfort, or even intestinal obstruction; if the abdominal aortic aneurysm invades the lumbar spine, it may cause lumbosacral pain; sudden abdominal pain in patients diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm may be a precursor to a ruptured aneurysm or may have already ruptured. The mortality rate of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms is extremely high, and the mortality rate of abdominal aortic aneurysms that rupture into the abdominal cavity outside the hospital is almost 100%. A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm involving the lumbar spine can lead to destruction of the lumbar vertebral body, resulting in lumbar instability, and can be easily confused with lumbar tuberculosis; rupture into the inferior vena cava can lead to heart failure; and rupture into the duodenum can lead to gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Ancillary examinations include ultrasound, CT angiography, magnetic resonance angiography and arteriography, which are extremely helpful in making a clear diagnosis and determining the treatment plan. Treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm includes control of blood pressure, stabilization of blood lipids, and aggressive smoking cessation. The main treatments include traditional open surgical resection followed by the use of artificial vascular grafts and the minimally invasive endoluminal repair surgery (EVAR), which has been widely performed in recent years. Traditional open surgery is highly traumatic, with many surgical complications and slow postoperative recovery, but it is a classic procedure for treating abdominal aortic aneurysms; whereas EVAR surgery is less traumatic, with fast patient recovery, fewer complications and less pain, and with the development of interventional techniques in recent years, EVAR surgery has gained popularity in clinical practice, and many difficult cases can be treated by EVAR. EVAR is particularly suitable for advanced age and conventional EVAR is particularly suitable for patients with high surgical risk, with the drawback that the treatment cost is relatively high.