Fatty liver has the potential to become malignant, but it is usually rare and there is no definitive conclusion as to how often it occurs. Fatty liver is a lesion caused by excessive fat accumulation in liver cells due to various reasons. Fatty liver disease is seriously threatening the health of the nation, becoming the second most common liver disease after viral hepatitis, and has been recognized as a common cause of insidious cirrhosis. Most patients with fatty liver have no conscious symptoms, or only mild fatigue, loss of appetite, abdominal distension, belching, distension and fullness in the liver area. Due to the continuous or repeated elevation of aminotransferases and hepatomegaly, it is easy to be misdiagnosed as hepatitis and special attention should be paid to the differentiation.Ultrasound and CT have a high diagnostic compliance rate, but the definitive diagnosis still relies on liver puncture biopsy. There are many causes of fatty liver, including obese fatty liver, alcoholic fatty liver, malnutrition fatty liver, diabetic fatty liver, medication fatty liver, fatty liver caused by other diseases, etc. Research shows that fatty liver is also the cause of liver cancer. Studies have shown that fatty liver is also one of the high-risk factors for liver cancer. In China, high-risk groups for liver cancer mainly include: people with hepatitis B virus and/or hepatitis C virus infection, excessive alcohol consumption, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis caused by other reasons, and people with a family history of liver cancer, especially men aged 40 years old. Therefore, when suffering from fatty liver should be actively treated. It is recommended to go to a regular hospital and follow the doctor’s instructions to avoid delaying the condition.