Pain is the most common clinical symptom, with the idiom of “nine out of ten diseases” in China; modern statistics also show that pain is the most common reason for patients to visit the clinic. The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) recommends classifying pain according to the site of pain, pain causing dysfunction, duration and type of pain, and the cause of pain. However, Clifford J. Woolf and many other scholars have pointed out that such classifications mislead the understanding and study of pain. Therefore, the current accepted practice is to classify pain into three types: injurious pain, inflammatory pain, and pathological neuralgia. For the first two types of pain, treatment is primarily directed at the etiology, with direct analgesic treatment often applied as palliative when the etiology cannot be resolved. In the case of pathological neuralgia, on the other hand, etiologic treatment and pain relief are equally important. Pathological neuralgia is pain that arises from direct action on the nervous system and can be either peripheral nerve damage or central nerve damage. The prevalence of pathological neuralgia is very high, with European statistics of 7-8% of the population, of which 5% is severe. The most common clinical condition is neuralgia due to disc herniation or spinal stenosis. Other neuralgia, such as postherpetic neuralgia and neuralgia due to diabetes mellitus, is also common. For neuralgia due to degenerative spinal changes such as herniated discs or spinal stenosis, surgical removal of the compression on the nerve roots is the preferred method of pain relief. However, in a significant number of patients, even if the compression is surgically removed, the pain is not relieved, mainly because the long-term compression of the nerve root leads to chronic inflammation and structural changes in the synapses of the dorsal root ganglion and even the spinal cord of the corresponding segment, which persists the pain. Such patients, as well as patients with spinal-derived neuralgia, postherpetic neuralgia, and diabetic neuralgia who are not suitable for surgery, can opt for spinal cord stimulator (SCS) implantation surgery to treat pain using neuromodulation techniques when conservative treatment is ineffective. The twenty-first century is the information age, and the processing of information depends on chip technology. The rapid changes in chip technology have also brought a new world of medical treatment. Neuromodulation technology is the use of various chips to make different types of pulse generators that transmit set electrical signals into the nervous system through electrodes and wires to regulate the input and output commands of the nervous system. The most widely used deep brain stimulators (pacemakers) are the most common neuromodulation systems, while neuromodulation systems for the treatment of pain are called spinal cord stimulators because the target of treatment is located in the spinal cord. A 1965 article by Ronald Melzack and Patrick Wall, published in Science, systematically described the mechanisms of pain production, and their “gating theory” laid the theoretical foundation for surgical interventions for pain. The core theory of gating is that both fine fibers, which conduct nociceptive sensations, and coarse fibers, which conduct tactile, temperature and vibration sensations, play a role in the transmission of pain sensations at the site of injury. Because the thick fibers are linked to more inhibitory interneurons, nociception is suppressed when the excitability of the thick fibers is increased. The spinal cord stimulator is based on this theory. Electrodes are placed in the posterior cord of the spinal cord, and a pulse generator is used to generate an appropriate electrical signal to excite the thick fibers and suppress pain transmission through continuous electrical stimulation. The use of spinal cord stimulators for the treatment of pathological neuralgia is a new surgical treatment. Since it is a surgical treatment, trauma is inevitable, but such surgical treatment is non-destructive or excisional, and only a small skin incision is needed to implant the stimulator into the body without causing additional damage to the patient. A spinal cord stimulator set consists of electrodes, connecting leads and a pulse generator. The doctor chooses different electrodes according to the different areas of pain and the range of pain. The battery and microcomputer chip inside the stimulation generator are becoming smaller and more powerful as information technology continues to advance, making implantable surgery more convenient. After the stimulator is implanted, the doctor can adjust the parameters of the pulse generator in the patient’s body, such as the intensity of the stimulation current, the duration of stimulation and the frequency of stimulation, through the programmable controller, so that the parameters of the spinal cord stimulator are in the best condition for pain relief. The adjustment of the stimulator parameters is different for each patient. Spinal cord stimulator treatment is a good way to meet the trend of personalized medicine, and even if the treatment is not satisfactory, the stimulator can be removed without causing too much physical damage to the patient, which is also known as reversible treatment. “Minimally invasive, adjustable and reversible” are the advantages of spinal cord stimulator therapy, which is the result of the combination of information technology and medicine. Essentially, this method is completely different from previous treatments such as medication, nerve blocks and nerve destruction, and the chip becomes the core of the treatment. This method of pain relief with “core” will bring good news to many pain patients and is a benefit to pain patients in the information age. However, technological advances alone are not enough, for doctors, using the “core”, but also need to be more intentional!