When you have a blood disorder, people usually ask: What kind of disease do you have? What is the cause of the disease? How is it treated? How does the treatment work? What are the dietary requirements? Today I will talk to you about the diet that is crucial for patients with blood disorders. The correct diet can not only help patients recover as soon as possible but also facilitate the consolidation of prognosis. The general principles of the patient’s diet are: high calorie, high protein, high vitamin, light and easy to digest diet, avoid intake of spicy, stimulating, too cold, too hard and unhygienic food. The human body has a certain amount of protein demand every day, and the proliferation, differentiation and regeneration of red blood cells need to rely on protein as the basis, so patients with blood disorders need to supply high quality protein with high nutritional value in their diet, such as fish, lean meat, milk, eggs, beans and soy products. Fish protein is the best among animal proteins, and soy protein is the best among vegetable proteins. Soups made with pressure cookers, such as ribs soup, chicken soup, animal bones, etc. are very nutritious because the pressure and high temperature of the pressure cooker can break down the nutrients in the raw materials in a very short period of time without destroying the nutrients in the raw materials. However, for patients with iron deficiency anemia, high-fat foods, calcium foods (such as tofu) and alkaline substances such as milk, soft drinks and champagne can affect the absorption of iron and should be avoided or used sparingly at the same time. On the contrary, the consumption of fruits, fruit juices and various acidic diets while taking iron orally, or taking vitamin C orally, are beneficial to the absorption of iron. Also more special is the period of the onset of allergic purpura, should try to avoid the intake of animal protein. 2, supplement hematopoietic substances For hematopoietic patients are more or less anemic and anemic symptoms, so the food intake should be supplemented with foods containing iron, folic acid, vitamin B12 and other hematopoietic materials. Iron-rich foods include: animal liver and kidney, lean meat, egg yolk, kelp, black sesame, sesame paste, black fungus, soybeans, mushrooms, brown sugar, rape, celery, etc.; folic acid is widely found in: fresh green vegetables, fruits, yeast, animal liver and kidney, especially fresh vegetables are the most abundant, it should be noted that the cooking time should not be too long; vitamin B12 is mainly contained in animal proteins, such as liver, kidney, Meat, dairy products, fish, shellfish and eggs, etc. Eat more foods that improve immunity and antiviral effects: mushrooms. 3.Supplementation with vitamins Supplement foods containing vitamins such as vitamin B1, B6, K
and C, etc. Vegetables and fruits are high in vitamin content, where the content of vitamins in vegetables is higher in leaves than in roots, in young leaves than in dead leaves, and in dark leaves than in light leaves. Fresh vegetables such as tomatoes, celery, spinach, lettuce, etc. Most of the vitamins contained in fruits are water-soluble and easily absorbed by the body. Fresh fruit consumed daily must be cleaned and washed, and it is advisable to peel or peel after eating. 4, diet taboos The diet of patients with blood disorders must not be too casual, must pay attention to the following matters: patients with bleeding should eat light and easy to digest food, avoid greasy, spicy stimulating food; fever patients should drink more water, eat more fresh fruits and vegetables; cooking must pay attention to hygiene, cooking utensils and tableware must be disinfected, do not eat cold and unhygienic food; avoid eating hard food, be careful of fish spines, bone fragments, etc. Avoid eating hard foods and be careful of fish spines and bone fragments that can damage the gums and oral mucosa. Key tips During ATG/ALG treatment for patients with severe aplastic anemia and during neutrophil deficiency after chemotherapy for leukemia/lymphoma patients, it is advisable to have a sterile diet to reduce the chance of intestinal infection. Three meals during patient treatment should preferably be autoclaved for 5 to 10 minutes, and food should not be consumed overnight. The real reason for using autoclave sterilization is to use the high pressure inside the pot to raise the temperature inside the pot, and the high temperature can destroy the proteins of microorganisms and thus kill them. Due to the significant lack of granulocytes, it is highly susceptible to co-infection and any minor infection is fatal enough for the patient. Therefore it is especially important to perform autoclave aseptic diet during the treatment of the above mentioned patients, but it must be used with safety in mind! You can choose a nutritious, light and easily digestible diet according to the patient’s habits and hobbies. The principle of small and multiple meals is used to reduce the load on the gastrointestinal tract and promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients. In conclusion, a reasonable diet can not only replenish sufficient energy and nutrients for patients with hematological diseases, but also reduce patient complications to a certain extent, improve patient prognosis and enhance their quality of survival.