The more common causes of hydronephrosis are ureteral obstruction, such as urinary stones, urinary tract infection, trauma, inflammation and other conditions that cause ureteral stenosis and tumor compression. In case of hydronephrosis, first of all, we need to check the cause to determine the corresponding treatment plan. If hydronephrosis is caused by urinary stone obstruction, oral medication, interventional lithotripsy or surgery can be performed depending on the size and shape of the stone. Stones smaller than 0.6 cm can generally be treated by medication such as oral lithotripsy pellets. For stones over 0.6 cm, extracorporeal lithotripsy or minimally invasive surgery should be considered. If the ureteral stenosis is caused by various reasons, ureteral dilation can be performed through surgery. If it is caused by tumor compression, the mass needs to be removed. In case of urinary tract infection, you need to choose sensitive antibiotics for standard anti-infection treatment, such as levofloxacin or cephalosporin antibiotics, and pay attention to drinking more water and urinating more often. In short, the emergence of hydronephrosis requires timely targeted treatment to avoid retrograde infection of the urinary tract over time, or damage to kidney function, leading to renal failure.