I believe that many parents and friends are not unfamiliar with scarlet fever because it is a common disease among children. Scarlet fever is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by group A hemolytic streptococcal infection, which is highly contagious and is mainly transmitted by air droplets. Its symptoms are characterized by fever, sore throat, and a generalized scarlet rash. In Chinese medicine, it is called “Dan Gua”. Scarlet fever belongs to a disease within the streptococcus bacteria, the treatment is generally used for streptococcus sensitive antibiotics, such as penicillin, etc., if resistant to penicillin, you can choose cephalosporin III antibiotics, such as ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and so on. If the streptococcus causes kidney lesions, in addition to antibiotic treatment, diuretics, renal protection drugs and hormones such as prednisone should be used. Scarlet fever requires rest, isolation therapy, a high-vitamin, high-protein diet, and adequate hydration and vitamins. If it does not cause short-term complications after regular antibiotic treatment, then it should not be much of a problem. If complications appear as severe pneumonia or encephalitis, they are more serious; on the other hand, there is the immune response, and if it does not cause the corresponding immune symptoms: glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever, there is no need to worry too much. Scarlet fever occurs throughout the year, especially in winter and spring. The incidence of the disease is mainly in adolescents aged 5-15 years. Children are susceptible to scarlet fever mainly due to the infection of Streptococcus b hemolyticus, and the incidence of this disease will be greatly reduced as long as the source of infection is isolated. The germs of scarlet fever are found in the throat of sick children or carriers and are spread by droplets of saliva carrying the germs. It can also be passed indirectly to other children through utensils that the child has touched. In rare cases, the germs can enter the body through skin wounds, causing surgical scarlet fever. Children usually do not pay attention to hygiene, and their body resistance and immunity are relatively weak. If they accidentally come into contact with the source of infection, they will easily get infected with scarlet fever. This is the reason why scarlet fever favors children. It is also important to understand that hemolytic streptococcus can cause scarlet fever in older children, while in younger children it can cause pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and septic lesions on the skin, which are actually scarlet fever without a rash.