Hemophilia is a genetic bleeding disorder, mainly due to a congenital cause of insufficient production of a clotting factor, resulting in a clotting disorder. Its typical manifestation is incessant bleeding after minor injuries, and recurrent joint bleeding is also a characteristic of the disease. There is no cure for hemophilia, and it is a lifelong disease that can only be treated symptomatically, such as blood or clotting factor transfusion. The key is to enhance care and prevention in daily life to reduce and avoid triggering bleeding. There are three types of hemophilia found so far, namely hemophilia A, hemophilia B and hemophilia C. Hemophilia A is due to the lack of clotting factor m in the blood, while hemophilia B and hemophilia C lack clotting factor k and clotting factor knife respectively, and all these types of hemophilia have a certain genetic pattern. Both hemophilia A and hemophilia B are sex-linked recessive. Commonly, hemophilia A is characterized by a male in the family who develops the disease, while the female is the transmitter of the disease but does not develop it. The other two types of hemophilia occur in both sexes. Key points of family care Because the disease is a lifelong condition, and when it develops, it is often heavy, prevention and care within the family have extraordinary significance for the patient’s prognosis and quality of daily life. Patients and relatives should have a full ideological understanding of the disease, relatives should give the patient enough care and love, patients themselves should establish self-confidence, self-reliance, self-improvement concept of life, good self-care, minimize disease attacks and improve the quality of life. 2, prevention and care of bleeding (1) “Prevention and care of bleeding”, pay special attention to avoid trauma, when visiting the hospital, explain the condition to doctors and nurses, and avoid intramuscular injections as much as possible. Take all kinds of safety precautions within the family and avoid using sharp instruments such as needles, scissors, knives, etc. as much as possible. (2) Usually, in the absence of bleeding, make appropriate exercise, which is beneficial to reduce the recurrence of the disease. However, restrict the activity when there is active bleeding to avoid aggravating the bleeding. (3) In case of joint bleeding, the joint should be bedridden, the limb should be fixed with a splint and placed in a functional position, and the movement should be restricted, and local cold compresses and elastic bandages can be applied. After the joint bleeding stops and the swelling and pain disappears, appropriate joint activities can be performed to prevent deformity and stiffness caused by prolonged joint fixation. 3, the bleeding is large enough to cause anemia, to strengthen the care of anemia.