Hematuria may be caused by diseases such as kidney stones, renal tuberculosis, glomerulonephritis, etc. It may also be caused by physiological conditions such as strenuous exercise. 1. Kidney stones: usually caused by metabolic abnormalities, urinary tract obstruction, infections, urinary tract foreign bodies and other conditions, and also related to climate, diet, drugs and other factors. Patients often appear waist pain, hematuria, abdominal distension, nausea and other symptoms. 2. Renal tuberculosis: it is mainly caused by tuberculosis infection of internal organs spreading to kidneys, and it is also related to factors such as poor hygiene of living environment, malnutrition, low immunity and so on. Early patients do not have obvious symptoms, and after the progress of the disease, there may be symptoms such as hematuria, pyuria, lumbar pain, lumbar mass and so on. 3. Glomerulonephritis: It is usually considered to be related to infection, immune system disease, underlying chronic disease and other factors, while overwork and infection can also induce glomerulonephritis. Patients often have symptoms such as hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension and anemia. 4. Physiological conditions such as strenuous exercise, fever, fatigue, late night, etc. may also lead to hematuria. There are many other causes of hematuria, and it is recommended that patients with hematuria should consult a doctor at a regular hospital in a timely manner to identify the cause of the disease and standardize the treatment under the guidance of the doctor.