Every year, thousands (actually far more than that, and this text is used here only to illustrate how many) of pregnant women are exposed as a result of radiological examinations or treatments, and most of the doses received by the fetus as a result of procedures with correct operating procedures are very small. For these doses, there is no epidemiologically measurable increase in the risk of mental retardation, malformations, and prenatal deaths, i.e., no more than the natural incidence of these diseases. In general, the possible effects of radiation on the fetus must be judged according to three factors: the dose, the site of exposure and the duration of the pregnancy; the higher the cumulative dose, or the closer the site of exposure to the uterus, the higher the risk. Regarding the dose of exposure: Studies have reported that when the dose received by the fetus exceeds 100-200 mGy (usually from radiation therapy and rarely from radiologic and pharmacologic diagnostic procedures), the risk of fetal mental retardation, malformations, growth retardation, and fetal death should be taken into account. In contrast, the doses of radiation used for general examinations are quite small and the mother-to-be need not be overly concerned. Therefore, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommends that termination of pregnancy is not justified in cases where the fetal dose is less than 100 mGy. At doses greater than this, an informed decision should be made based on the individual patient’s circumstances. For the irradiation site: If the pregnant woman must undergo X-ray examination, the examination should try to avoid the irradiation of the abdomen, and only partial irradiation is enough. If you suspect that there is a problem in the abdomen, the abdominal organs are usually examined by ultrasound (which is more convenient and accurate than X-ray). For the time of pregnancy: the 15th to 60th day after conception (within 2 months), is the critical time for the formation of embryonic organs, try to avoid some routine abdominal (pelvic) X-ray examination. As for the fetus, if it is developed, the chance of malformation is relatively low because all the organs have already been created. Our government is particularly concerned about the health of women and children who have received medical exposure, and has clearly stipulated that the justification for radiological or radiopharmaceutical examinations of women and children should be carefully judged, and that radiological diagnosis and radiotherapy for pregnant women should be carefully arranged and planned to minimize the dose of radiation exposure to the embryo or fetus, and that pregnant women or potentially pregnant women should be avoided, except in cases of obvious clinical indications. (c) Avoiding radiation therapy for pregnant women or women who may become pregnant that exposes the abdomen or pelvis, unless there are clear clinical indications to do so. My interpretation of this rule is that irradiation should be done (e.g., for skeletal abnormalities, for which X-rays have the irreplaceable advantage of other tests), and should not be avoided, except for the abdomen (pelvis), which should be treated with caution. According to the above statement, in order to avoid the damage of radiation, I think we should pay attention to the following points: Firstly, pregnant women who work with radiation should be detached from the radiation environment in time (instead of the general population); Secondly, pregnant women should take the initiative to indicate that they are pregnant to the doctors of various disciplines when they visit the doctor to remind the doctor to pay attention to them, so as to avoid non-necessary radiological examinations and treatments (the general public should be aware of such a basic medical common sense; from the legal point of view) (The public should know this basic medical knowledge; from a legal point of view, as Mr. Wan also said: if there is evidence to show that “the other party knew about the pregnancy but did not provide it”, or if there is evidence to show that “the condition of the patient requires radiological examination”, the medical practitioner is not liable). Third, early pregnancy (2-3 months), try to avoid X-ray examination, especially abdominal (pelvic); in the middle and late pregnancy should also try to avoid exposure time longer gastrointestinal fluoroscopy, barium enema forceps and other examinations; more should try to avoid radioisotope therapy. Finally add: for pregnant women who have received a large dose of X-rays in early pregnancy, in order to know whether the fetus is subjected to X-rays (isotope therapy) and malformation, you can go to the hospital to do prenatal diagnosis, and if necessary, to perform an abortion.