The diagnostic criteria of renal insufficiency include clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, imaging tests, and pathologic tests.
1. Clinical symptoms: Patients with renal insufficiency will have symptoms such as oliguria, anuria, fatigue, lumbago, increased nocturia and edema. It may also be accompanied by shortness of breath, shortness of breath, anemia and other symptoms.
2. Laboratory examination: including blood routine, urine routine, renal function and other tests. Patients with advanced renal insufficiency will have anemia and low hemoglobin in blood routine. Urine routine can check whether there is hematuria and proteinuria, etc., while renal function test can suggest that the glomerular filtration rate and endogenous creatinine clearance rate are decreased.
3. Imaging examination: It is common to have renal ultrasonography to understand the size of kidney volume and the thickness of renal cortex and renal parenchyma. Ultrasonography of the urinary tract helps to identify urinary tract obstruction and chronic kidney disease.
4. Pathologic examination: patients undergo renal puncture biopsy, which is an invasive examination. Renal biopsy helps to clarify the pathological changes and pathological types of renal diseases, which helps to clarify the diagnosis, etc.
Patients with symptoms of suspected renal insufficiency are advised to seek medical treatment in time, improve relevant examinations, clarify the causes and actively cooperate with treatment.