The treatment measures for children with short stature depend on their etiology. The main types of diseases that can be treated with growth hormone are: growth hormone deficiency, chronic renal failure, congenital ovarian insufficiency, Prader-Willi syndrome, less-than-fetal-age children and idiopathic short stature. 2.Dosage form of growth hormone: There are two kinds of rhGH powder and water dose available in China, and the latter has slightly better growth effect. 3, the application of growth hormone dose: growth hormone dose range is large, should be adjusted according to the needs and the observed efficacy of individualized. At present, the commonly used dose in China is 0.1-0.15 U/(kg?d); for children with puberty, children with Turner, children younger than fetal age, children with idiopathic short stature and some children with partial growth hormone deficiency, the applied dose is 0.15-0.20 u/(kg?d). 4, the use of growth hormone: subcutaneous injection once a night before bedtime, the common injection site is the middle 1/2 of the thigh outside, the front side, each injection should change the injection point, to avoid short-term repetition and cause subcutaneous tissue degeneration. 5.Course of treatment: The course of growth hormone treatment for short stature depends on the need, usually should not be shorter than 1 to 2 years, when it is too short, the child will not benefit much from its lifelong high effect. 6. Common side effects: Possible side effects: ① Hypothyroidism: Occurs every 2-3 months after the start of injection and can be corrected by giving L-thyroxine tablets as needed. ②Altered glucose metabolism: Long-term, relatively large use of growth hormone may cause insulin resistance in children, with increased fasting glucose and insulin levels, but rarely exceeding the normal high limit, which can be recovered after several months of discontinuing growth hormone. ③Idiopathic benign intracranial pressure elevation: Growth hormone may cause sodium and water retention, and individual patients may develop idiopathic intracranial pressure elevation, peripheral edema and elevated blood pressure, and GH therapy may be suspended. ④Antibody production: Due to the continuous improvement of preparation purity, the rate of antibody production has now been reduced, and even less for aqueous preparations. (5) Slipping and necrosis of the femoral head: Because the growth of the epiphysis is accelerated after treatment, the muscle strength is increased, and the movement is increased, it is easy to cause slippage and aseptic necrosis of the femoral head, resulting in claudication, and also pain in the knee and hip joints, slippage and aseptic necrosis of the head, resulting in claudication, and also pain in the knee and hip joints, with external rotation pathology, GH treatment can be temporarily stopped and vitamin D and calcium tablets can be supplemented. (6) Local redness, swelling or rash of injection: usually disappears within a few days and can be continued, but now it is rare. The results showed that GH treatment does not increase the risk of leukemia and tumor recurrence in children without potential tumor risk factors, but caution should be exercised when applying long-term supraphysiological doses of GH to children with previous tumors, family genetic predisposition to tumor, and malformation syndrome. The level of IGF-I should be closely monitored during treatment, and those who exceed the normal reference value of +2SD should be temporarily discontinued. 7. Precautions: All children with diagnosed short stature should be followed up for a long time. Those treated with growth hormone should pay attention to calcium supplementation and should be followed up once every 3 months: measure height, assess growth rate, and compare with pre-treatment. In addition, IGF.I, IGFBP-3, T4, TSH, blood glucose and insulin tests should be performed for timely adjustment of GH dose and thyroxine supplementation. Bone age should be checked once a year. Sexual development should be observed during the course of treatment and treated as needed. Regular repeat cranial MRI scans should be noted for suspected intracranial lesions.