A. Characteristics of mental disorders: 1. People suffering from mental disorders should first have self-knowledge: What is self-knowledge? Self-knowledge is also known as insight or introspection. It refers to the patient’s ability to recognize their own abnormal or pathological state, that is, whether they can detect or recognize their own disease. For example, a phobic patient who is afraid of crowds recognizes that this fear has no objective basis and is not necessary at all, but that his own mental state is abnormal, which is considered self-knowledge. Psychiatric patients generally have varying degrees of self-awareness deficits. If the patient feels that the public knows his innermost secrets, this is due to the fact that someone has placed a radioactive machine in his mind and is convinced of this. Loss of self-knowledge is one of the indicators of clinical diagnosis of psychosis. Lin Jiaming, Department of Internal Medicine, Qinzhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2. Having painful feelings: If one does not feel pain for one’s behavior or situation, it is possible that it is just a personality tendency and does not rise to the level of a psychological disorder. 3.The pain lasts for more than two weeks: Everyone will inevitably encounter psychological stress, and most people will adjust themselves in a short period of time. Today is very depressed, tomorrow will be fine, so it is not considered a mental illness. Therefore, to diagnose whether a person has a psychological disorder, one of the above three factors is indispensable. Second, the most common psychological disorders: 1, work, life, emotional stress: laid off, the economic resources are gone, life is difficult, and it seems difficult to find a new job. This time it is easy to produce mental illness. Lost love, feel like they lost the whole world, their own internal extreme imbalance, some people vent out, hit others, if not vent out, psychologically beat themselves, extreme self-blame. Some people even send this fire to the cats and dogs, venting on people he thinks he can bully. These are the outward manifestations of mental illness. Recently, newspapers often report: rich women drive a small car to steal bicycles, retired state department cadres after shopping supermarkets to steal bicycles, in fact, the underlying cause is that these people suffer from mental illness (depression), in search of help. 2, family marital tension: the husband and wife tension, the two sides for a little thing to fight endlessly, as if they have the truth. In order to find the truth, the first tender feelings are gone, the first vows are gone, the first mutual tolerance is gone, both people have become high philosophers, in order to verify that they are right, exhaust their energy, but also give themselves a lot of pressure, this time it is easy to produce psychological problems. 3, parent-child communication can not be carried out: Nowadays, many families are either spoiled or too strict with their children, or simply do not care (parents divorce), in fact, this is a misconception, it is easy to trigger psychological problems in children. Many children therefore run away from home, many children therefore can not face the future life, or worse, embarked on the road to crime. 4, certain repeated and stubborn behavior: always suspect that the door is not closed, repeatedly close the door; always suspect that they are not writing an IOU, once writing, I feel that I am not writing an IOU, see the amount of the sports lottery winnings in the newspaper, doubt whether their IOU was printed in the newspaper, need to repeatedly confirm before being reassured. 5. Unusual feelings and behaviors: Suspecting that others are speaking against him, if he is giving a lecture, he will feel that someone at the bottom is talking about him, or even that someone is plotting to harm him. A small step forward in this feeling is schizophrenia, which is quite dangerous. The body inexplicably pain, but to the hospital to do all the tests are not abnormal, it is also time to consider if you have a psychological disorder. 6.Sexual problems: Being troubled by some sexual problems, such as masturbation problems in adolescence, exposing sexual organs, acquiring clothes of the opposite sex, and other situations. 7, substance dependence: common is alcohol dependence, drug dependence. In these two cases, drugs are needed to cooperate with the treatment to get better. 8, interpersonal tension: in life, often see such people: no good friends, retreat when interacting with people, do not get help and attention from others. Especially introverted, especially sensitive people are prone to this situation. 9, bulimia, anorexia: common in women. With anorexia as the first symptom, but due to physiological reasons, eager to eat, appear occasional gluttony, gluttony and then fear of fat, with cathartic, emetic to respond. It is often seen as a gynecological disease (menopause, weight loss) and is detected by careful doctors. 10. Repeated nightmares and crying caused by unusual and unexpected events: When you encounter unexpected events such as car accidents, earthquakes, loss of relatives, rape, kidnapping, etc., you cannot calm down and still have recurrent nightmares and crying for more than a month. This is the time to need the intervention of a psychiatrist.