Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is an adenocarcinoma that originates from the endothelial cells of the intrahepatic bile ducts, also known as cholangiocarcinoma. It is very malignant and accounts for about 10% of malignant tumors of the liver. Once detected, it should be seen in hospital as early as possible. The main risk factors for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma include: hepatic schistosomiasis, hereditary diseases, bile duct stones, chronic cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, chemical carcinogens (thorium dioxide and nitrosamines, etc.), genetic factors, biliary cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, etc. The early symptoms of the disease are not obvious, and the middle and late stages are mainly marked by jaundice, and the rest have no specific symptoms. Therefore, its definitive diagnosis mainly relies on imaging and pathological examination. Biopsy puncture for pathological testing is the gold standard for diagnosis. Relying on the history, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, and imaging results, a comprehensive assessment can lead to a clinical diagnosis. If jaundice, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, skin itching, nausea, vomiting, and weakness occur, it is important to go to the hospital early for further tests, including liver function, blood routine, bilirubin, coagulation tests, tumor markers, ultrasound, CT, magnetic resonance imaging, and HBV/HCV-related tests. Surgery is the treatment of choice to prolong the survival of patients with intrahepatic bile duct cancer and is suitable for early stage patients. The scope of radical surgical resection depends on the site and size of the cancer. Surgical procedures include left and right hemicolectomy, left and right major hepatectomy, liver lobe wedge resection, liver segmental resection, etc. Early stage has the possibility of cure, and middle and late stage can improve the quality of survival and prolong the survival period with active treatment. The overall poor prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is related to its early detection and timely treatment. Radical surgical resection is preferred. Tumor is not sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, so it is not preferred.