A congenital disease is a disease that is present at birth. Exposure of the mother to environmentally harmful factors during pregnancy, such as chemicals like pesticides, organic solvents, heavy metals, or overexposure to various types of radiation, or taking certain drugs, or contracting certain germs, or even some habitual hobbies like sauna (steam bath) and eating habits, may cause congenital anomalies in the fetus, but are not genetic disorders. This disease is often accompanied by obvious genetic chromosomal abnormalities, so it is difficult to treat the underlying cause, in fact, the mildest is the congenital heart development abnormalities, in this case can be treated through surgery, while some other congenital diseases, there is often no good way to treat, only to use drugs to maintain treatment. Since this disease is difficult to cure, we should focus on prevention, first, pay attention not to marry close relatives, second, the couple should be premarital examination to see if there is cytomegalovirus, rubella virus, and other viral infections. Thirdly, during the pregnancy process, we must pay attention to the need for appropriate tests at each stage, such as Down’s syndrome screening, non-invasive DNA testing, and systematic ultrasound, in order to prevent various congenital diseases to a certain extent.