Smoldering disease is a disease of the cerebral vasculature that is caused by narrowing or occlusion of the major cerebral arteries, followed by an abnormal vascular network at the base of the skull. The narrowing or occlusion of the main arteries leads to insufficient blood supply, while the abnormal vascular network at the skull base forms tiny, fragile smoke-like vessels that have very thin walls and can easily rupture, leading to cerebral hemorrhage. There are two peaks in the age of onset of smoldering disease: adults around forty years old and children under ten years old. Some people ask what are the precursors of smog in children. In fact, children with smog disease are mostly ischemic symptoms, which may be unexplained dizziness and headache, transient limb weakness, transient visual impairment, visual field defects, sometimes transient slurred speech, etc. If any child has these similar symptoms, then it must be taken seriously, which may be symptoms of smog disease, and should be examined and diagnosed at the hospital in time. For the treatment of smog, it is generally accepted that once the diagnosis is made, surgery should be performed as soon as possible. The traditional surgical methods are direct vascular bypass surgery and indirect vascular bypass surgery (also known as patching), but neither of these two surgical methods is ideal. Both direct bypass and patching have certain drawbacks and shortcomings. For example, the scope of improvement of blood supply is limited by direct bypass surgery, and the surgery is difficult, so local hospitals may not master this surgery; while for patching, it takes about 3-6 months to take effect, and during this period, the patient still has the possibility of cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage. Therefore, both procedures are not ideal. Currently, combined vascular bypass surgery is a more effective way to treat smog. Direct bypass and patching are done in the same surgery, and the two-pronged approach can achieve a more desirable effect of improving blood supply.