For a long time, in the eyes of the people, thoracic surgery is traumatic and risky, and for this reason there is a psychological fear, preferring to use some non-surgical treatment methods, which may delay the disease and lead to deterioration. With the continuous development and progress of thoracic surgery technology, anesthesia technology and perioperative monitoring level, the risk rate of thoracic surgery has been significantly reduced, and some can be controlled. In particular, with the widespread use of TV thoracoscopy and TV mediastinoscopy in clinical practice, minimally invasive surgical methods are also able to minimize patient pain. Thoracic Surgery Department of Nanjing Chest Hospital is a key medical specialty in Nanjing. The Department of Thoracic Surgery has 7 senior titles, 3 master’s degree supervisors, and 90% of physicians have master’s degrees. In 1996, the department carried out TV thoracoscopic surgery in the province, which has been the leading level in East China; in 2004, it successfully performed single lung transplantation and contralateral lung reduction for two patients with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which filled the gap of human lung transplantation technology in Nanjing; in 2004, it successfully carried out the first TV mediastinoscopic surgery in the province. In the field of tracheal, bronchial and pulmonary surgery, its technical level is in line with international standards; in 2009, it was the first to carry out all-thoracoscopic cardiac surgery in Jiangsu Province. The special technology of thoracic surgery is the leading one in China: 1.TV thoracoscopic technology is more advantageous in pneumonectomy, pulmonary decompression for COPD, bilateral pulmonary herpes resection, etc. 2.TV mediastinoscopy is the leading one in East China in the diagnosis and treatment of difficult diseases of lung and mediastinum, preoperative pathological staging of lung cancer, etc. 3.Sleeve resection of trachea, bulge and lung tumor is the leading one in East China. 4.The treatment of esophageal cancer and esophageal-tracheal fistula by various kinds of esophageal surgery, various kinds of esophageal stents and artificial cardia is at the leading level in China. 5.The surgical treatment of various kinds of severe and advanced tuberculosis is at the leading level in China. 6.The application of extracorporeal circulation technology to remove huge tracheal tumors and The treatment of end-stage lung disease by lung transplantation is at the advanced level in the province. 8. Minimally invasive funnel chest orthopedics for funnel chest. Medical features of cardiac surgery: 1. can complete all kinds of coronary artery disease surgery including non-extracorporeal circulation and non-stop coronary artery bypass surgery. 2. minimally invasive surgery is another feature of our department, and the scope extends to include correction of precordial disease under extracorporeal circulation, valve replacement, catheter ligation, pulmonary disorders, chest trauma and other surgeries. From small incision surgery to the current minimally invasive cardiac surgery with only a few small “keyholes” under full thoracoscopy, covering atrial and ventricular defects, valve replacement, and plastic surgery in congenital heart, which has reached the leading level in China. 3. 4.Valvuloplasty has reached the leading level in China. This includes valve repair for aortic, mitral, tricuspid pulmonary valves, and even in cases of very severe valve damage due to bacterial endocarditis. We have achieved a success rate of more than 99.5% for common congenital heart diseases such as atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary artery stenosis, etc. 6. The level of treatment for complex congenital heart diseases such as tetralogy of Fallot, endocardial cushion defect, pulmonary vein malformation drainage, etc. has reached the advanced level in China. 7. We have completed surgical treatment for diseases of large blood vessels such as aortic constriction, aneurysm and cardiac mucinous aneurysm, etc. 8.We have unique surgical treatment for thoracic deformities such as funnel chest and chicken chest. First-class team of experts in thoracic and cardiac surgery Concealed small incision, the most suitable for girls’ heart surgery In the past, when it comes to heart surgery, people often associate it with a 10-cm-long incision in the middle of the chest, but with the development of minimally invasive surgery, minimally invasive surgery with small incisions has become the development trend of heart surgery. It has the characteristics of small trauma, low cost, and fast recovery for the patient. It is one of the least invasive and safest surgical methods in cardiac surgery. It is particularly suitable for girls because it does not affect the aesthetics. Since 2002, Nanjing Chest Hospital has done nearly 200 cases of small incision surgery, and now the scope of minimally invasive surgery has covered the treatment of heart diseases such as atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, valve replacement and valvuloplasty. The majority of these are young women. Performing valvuloplasty under minimally invasive surgery is also a specialty of our hospital. Previous surgical treatments have involved replacing an artificial valve, known as a prosthetic valve. But this posed several problems. First, children would not be suitable for valve replacement. Second, valve replacement requires lifelong anticoagulant medication. Valvuloplasty is the use of surgical techniques to repair and reuse the patient’s original valve, thus avoiding the drawbacks of artificial valves. The Thoracic Surgery Department of Nanjing Chest Hospital has performed valvuloplasty for patients of all ages including mitral, tricuspid, aortic, and pulmonary valves, all four valves, with a high degree of responsibility and skill, and among them, many complex cases with multiple valves combined with severe lesions at the same time, achieving good social benefits. Pulmonary decompression surgery for end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) caused by “old chronic branch” has a high incidence in China and often results in severe chronic heart and lung failure. The quality of life is seriously affected, and eventually death can occur due to respiratory failure. Patients with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can try lung decompression. In patients with emphysema, the lungs lose their elasticity and fill up the bilateral chest space due to the expansion of emphysema, which makes the patient’s breathing obstructed. The purpose of lung decompression surgery is to remove the part of lung tissue that is not involved in breathing and loses its elasticity, so that the lung capacity is reduced to make some space for the elastic lung to expand and breathe, achieving the purpose of increasing the breathing volume. lung decompression surgery is suitable for patients with end-stage disease, and the effect is more obvious. Some benign lung diseases surgical treatment is twice as effective Many patients and their families for many benign lung diseases, often ignoring the importance of surgical treatment A. Clinically common due to spontaneous pneumothorax caused by pulmonary maculopathy is mostly seen in adolescents, many patients repeatedly multiple episodes. In fact, the vast majority of these patients end up undergoing surgery to achieve a complete cure. Second, some drug-resistant bacteria infected tuberculosis cavity, due to tuberculosis caused by hemoptysis, especially some adolescents suffering from tuberculosis pleurisy caused by poor treatment of tuberculosis encapsulated abscess chest, but also must be solved by surgery. Third, mycobacterial infection of the lung, in some cases just rely on the use of antibiotics or antifungal drugs may not be effective, while surgical removal of diseased lung tissue may be half the battle. Fourth, hemoptysis is a common clinical manifestation of lung tissue disease, many lung diseases of hemoptysis surgical results are often immediate. V. Even benign tumors of the lung can only be resolved surgically. Through the “keyhole”, the surgeon’s eye looks directly at the heart. The technique of total lumpectomy cardiac surgery, which requires only two to three “keyholes”, can be completed with the aid of television image surveillance, which used to be performed by traditional open-heart surgery. The principle is equivalent to extending the surgeon’s eyes to the heart. The principle is equivalent to extending the surgeon’s eyes into the patient’s chest cavity to perform the operation, and it is the future direction of cardiac surgery. The advantages of thoracoscopic heart surgery are very obvious: 1, small surgical trauma: thoracoscopic surgery no longer split the sternum, generally in the chest wall to open three 1.5 cm long small incisions to complete the operation, so also known as “keyhole” surgery. 2, less surgical bleeding: traditional heart surgery is very traumatic, bleeding, and sometimes the intraoperative hemostasis time is longer than the surgery itself, which is traditionally the major user of blood in the blood bank. The lumpectomy has small trauma, less bleeding, short time to stop bleeding, and some operations even do not need blood transfusion. 3.Light postoperative pain: Patients have light pain after thoracoscopic surgery, can get out of bed in 24 hours, and can participate in physical activities 2-4 weeks after surgery. 4.Less postoperative complications. The incision scar is small and beautiful.