Dysmenorrhea is a common symptom in young women, and many people “put up with it” or even consider it a normal part of their period, but in fact, 80% of dysmenorrhea is due to endometriosis. Endometrial fragments travel throughout the body with blood vessels and lymph, and the endometrium “grows” wherever it goes, causing a variety of health problems, including infertility. The undying cancer, endometriosis! In a normal woman, there is a layer of lining inside the uterine cavity called the endometrium. This layer of endometrium increases, secretes, and sheds with monthly ovulation from puberty to menopause, forming menstruation that is discharged from the vagina. If the endometrium is present in other parts of the body and undergoes the same changes with ovulation, it is called endometriosis. If the ectopic site occurs in the muscular layer of the uterus, it is called myometriosis. Since there is no outlet for this accumulated menstrual blood, a sac is formed. This ectopic endometrium is also affected by estrogen and recurrent bleeding occurs with the menstrual cycle, forming a cyst containing old blood, which is brown and thick like paste, resembling chocolate, hence the name “chocolate cyst”. This is the most common type of cyst in many women. Symptoms of endometriosis The most obvious symptom of endometriosis is abnormal menstrual pain, but this is also the most easily ignored warning sign. Because many girls think it is a monthly “good friend”, they put up with it and do not pay special attention to it. This is not known to be a world away from menstrual pain. If you have the following signs, then you must pay attention! 1, dysmenorrhea: dysmenorrhea is the most typical symptom of endometriosis, is secondary with progressive aggravation, often begins 1 to 2 days before the onset of menstruation, the most dramatic on the first day of the period, and then gradually reduce, to the clean menstruation disappeared. In the severe stage, the pain is so unbearable that even an increase in the amount of painkillers is not effective. The pain is caused by the inflammatory reaction of the local tissue stimulated by bleeding inside the endometriosis lesion. At the same time, endometriosis lesions secrete more prostaglandins, resulting in contracture of uterine muscles, and dysmenorrhea is bound to be more pronounced. 2. Abnormal menstruation: It can be manifested as excessive menstruation or cycle disorder. Most menstrual abnormalities are related to endometriosis affecting ovarian function. Patients with endometriosis can suffer from ovarian dysfunction, such as ovulation abnormalities. 3. Infertility: Patients with endometriosis are often accompanied by infertility, with an infertility rate of 40% to 50% among patients with endometriosis. The main reason is that endometriosis can often cause adhesions around the fallopian tubes that affect oocyte pick-up; or ovarian lesions that affect ovulation. 4. Painful intercourse: endometriosis in the rectal sulcus and vaginal rectal septum can cause painful intercourse (deep tenderness), increased bowel movements during menstruation, and pain (ligamentous). 5. Others: Those with endometriosis to the bladder appear to have periodic urinary frequency, painful urination, and hematuria. Endometriosis in the abdominal wall scar and umbilicus presents with periodic localized masses and pain. Patients with intestinal endometriosis may present with abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation, and even periodic small amounts of blood in the stool. When the ectopic endometrium invades and compresses the ureter, back pain and hematuria on one side may occur, but is extremely rare. Etiology of endometriosis The etiology of endometriosis is not well understood, and it is thought that it may be related to the following factors: 1. The epithelium of the peritoneum and ovaries has the potential ability to transform into something similar to the endometrium, and when it encounters certain stimuli it transforms into ectopic endometrium. 2. Obstruction of menstrual blood flow. The broken endometrium flows backwards with the menstrual blood into the abdominal cavity or into the myometrium and is implanted there. 3.Abnormal ovarian function. 4.Not paying attention to menstrual hygiene, having intercourse during menstruation or having abortion. 5, genetic factors endometriosis has a certain genetic tendency and family aggregation, people with a family history of the disease suffer from it mostly.