If the cause of hydronephrosis is congenital pelvic ureteral junction stenosis, laparoscopic pyeloplasty should be chosen as far as possible, which requires high technology, certain equipment and surgical experience. This technique mainly requires memory alloy stent, which is rarely used and few hospitals carry out this technique, so you should choose a larger hospital because they have more patients and greater demand, so it is possible to prepare this item. Upper segment stones cause hydronephrosis, lithotripsy is not effective, choose percutaneous nephrolithotripsy for stone extraction, which can achieve the purpose of removing the stones. If you do not want to have open surgery, you can also use ureteroscopic lithotripsy, which can not achieve the purpose of stone extraction, but can crush the stone and facilitate stone discharge. Sometimes it has to be combined with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. For lower segment stones, ureteroscopic lithotripsy can be used, which is effective and not very expensive, but the success rate is not 100%, if it is not successful, open ureterotomy can be used. If the tumor causes hydronephrosis, for good kidney function, laparoscopic nephrectomy combined with ureterectomy and partial cystectomy is feasible, the treatment principle is the same as above, according to the economic and geographical conditions, if the kidney function is poor, or there are potential diseases affecting kidney function, such as diabetes, hypertension and other diseases, the stenosis segment is small, tumor resection ureteral anastomosis is feasible, whether open or laparoscopic is used, according to their own The choice of open or laparoscopic is based on the condition and location. If the stenosis is long and cannot be anastomosed after resection, the tumor and ureter are removed as much as possible and a subcutaneous bypass of the kidney and bladder is performed, which requires the use of expensive Eisai materials and the tube is replaced at least once every six months to a year. In case of inflammatory stenosis, the treatment is the same as for pelvic ureteral junction stenosis. Ureteral reflux causing hydronephrosis is usually caused by lower urinary tract obstruction, which can be resolved, for example, by transurethral prostatectomy for prostatic hyperplasia or urethral dilatation for urethral stricture. If you have a cyst at the end of the ureter, perform an incision, congenital, perform ureteral reimplantation, total cystectomy, intestinal substitution bladder surgery, postoperative hydronephrosis, mostly caused by anastomotic stenosis, can be performed under percutaneous nephrological implantation of internal DJ tube, the tube needs to be replaced regularly, more troublesome and painful, higher costs.